吉林省伊通满族自治县第三中学校高中英语人教版选修8课件：Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors-Grammar .pptVIP

Grammar The Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时: 基本用法 现在完成时表结果, 他的动作发生在过去, 但是对现在有影响, 而这种影响却往往是说话人的兴趣所在。现在完成时跨越两个时间, 一个是过去, 另一个是现在。 Present Perfect Continuous Tense 现在完成进行时: 基本用法 1) 强调时间的持续性。如： 电话响了差不多一分钟, 为什么没人接? The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute. Why doesn’t someone answer it? 2) 表重复。叙述从过去某时到现在或最近已在重复的动作。如： 最近天气变化无常, 我时常感冒。 The weather has been changeable lately; I’ve been having a lot of colds. 3) 有感情色彩。如： 今天真是一个多事之日。 Too much has been happening today. B. 短暂性 现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可以表示延续至今的状态, 但完成进行是常表示短暂性。 A. They have lived in New York. B. They have been living in New York. 句A具有长期性, 而句B具有短暂性。 C. 刚完结性 与现在完成时相比, 现在完成进行时有时可以表示刚刚完结的动作。有时它是现在事件的直接原因, 或者是得出结论的证据。如: 我的手很脏, 我在油汽车来着。 My hands are dirty. I’ve been painting the car. 你的眼睛又红又肿, 你是不是哭来着？ Your eyes are red and puffy. Have you been crying? D. 连续性或重复性 现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动作。如： Jim have been phoning Jenny every night for the several month. All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine. 结论: 现在完成进行时主要用于表示 A. 过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作。 B. 过去开始, 现在刚刚停止的动作。 C. 现在看到其直接结果的动作。 现在完成时主要用于表示已经完成的动作及其与现在的关系。 In pairs, take turns to read the statement and turn it into a question using the present perfect continuous tense. The words in brackets may help you. (P41) e.g. S1: Mrs. Smith learned to drive three years ago. (how long) S2: How long have you been driving, Mrs. Smith? 1. Sam has just finished learning to fly an airplane on a six-month course. (how long) How long have you been learning to fly an airplane, Sam? 2. He swam till he felt very tired. He has just stepped out of the swimming pool. (how long) How long have you been swimming? 5. Jiao Yang uses a particular kind of washing powder and his clo