吉林省伊通满族自治县第三中学校高中英语人教版选修六课件：Unit 1 Art-Grammar【语法课件】 .pptVIP

Grammar Subjunctive Mood (I) 虚拟语气 一. 语气的分类 1.陈述语气(The indicative Mood)用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法,有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。 I am not interested in what you said. Have you ever been to France? What a splendid palace! 2.祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)用来表示请求，邀请，命令，警告或劝告等. Let’s have a talk. Don’t jump in the queue. 英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。 3.虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一中假设,愿望，怀疑或推测.虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于名词性从句等. If I were you,I would not leave her alone.  If Jack had scored that goal, we would have won the match. Our teacher suggested that we go to lab this afternoon. 虚拟语气在‘if ’ 条件句中的用法 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 虚拟语气其他的用法 Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气 虚拟语气在‘if ’ 条件句中的用法 1．在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法 1）表示与现在事实相反 条件从句 主句 一般过去时 （be多用于were） would/should/could/might＋动词原形 例如：If I were you,I should accept the invitation. 如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。 If I had time,I would go there. 如果我有空，我就去那儿。 虚拟语气在‘if ’ 条件句中的用法 1．在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法 2）与过去事实相反 条件从句 主句 过去完成时 would/should/could/might＋have done 例如：If you had come earlier,you couldn′t have missed the bus.如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。 If he had seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book. 如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。 虚拟语气在‘if ’ 条件句中的用法 1．在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法 3）与将来事实可能相反 条件从句 主句 一般过去时（be多用were） should do,were to do would/should/could/might＋动词原形 例如：If he were to come, what should we say to him. 假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？ If he should see me, he would know me. 假如他看见我, 就会认识我。 虚拟语气在‘if ’ 条件句中的用法 2) if的省略 如果条件句中有were,had,should 等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。 例如： Should it rain/were it to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. Had he seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 3)含蓄条件句与主句. 即用without(＝but for),or(else)代替if从句。 例如： Without/But for his help, we wouldn’t have made such great progress. ＝If there hadn’t been/we hadn’t got his help, we wouldn’t have made