怎样破译长难句.pptVIP

准确理解长难句是考生应该掌握的一项阅读技能，是阅读理解的基础。我们要善于运用句法知识来理解长难句，先判断句子的主干部分(主谓宾，或主系表)，而句子的修饰、补充成分，可以先忽略不看。在理解了句子的主干意思后，再理解修饰、补充成分。长难句的主要类型有： P44-45 理解长难句的类型 带从句的句子 带非谓语动词短语的句子 带插入语的句子 从句套从句，环环相扣式 有时，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣，或并列分句中又含有从句，且可能同时还介词短语或非谓语动词等，结构复非常复杂。其实，不管句子有多长，结构有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。 ［破解方法］(1)确定并列连词 (but, and, so, or, for)，从句连接词（that, which, what, when, how, whether, if, where, because, though）；(2)跳读定语、状语(短语或从句)等；(3)先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句，最后看其他修饰成分。如： (2009广东) Sire shows in her book a deep concern about the fall of handwriting and the failure of schools to teach children to write well, but many others argue that people in a digital age can’t be expected to learn to hold a pen. 分析：本句是由表转折的but 连接的并列句。前一分句中，主干是Sir shows a deep concern；but的后一分句中，主干是others argue that，argue 后还跟宾语从句that people in a digital age can’t be expected to learn to hold a pen. 总之，快速把握句子主干是理解长难句的关键。我们必须学会分析句子结构，把握句子主干，准确理解句子意思，有效提高阅读速度。 (2009广州一模) The boy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home, replied in a way that shocked his father. 分析：句子的主干是The boy replied，主语和谓语这间被非限制性定语从句who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home分开了。另外，that shocked his father是定语从句，修饰way。 实战演练： 1. (2007B) If we told the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty and we would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul. 1. 前面的if引导一个条件状语从句，后面是主句；主句是由and 连接的并列句，即：the clerk would be...and we would leave...；在这并列的主句中，后一主句又含有一个由that引导的定语从句，修饰a quiet sense of honor。 2. (2009读写) The reason why Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is that they can be hugged and photographed by tourists, who make the trips to Featherdale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience. 2. 本句是The reason why...is that ...句型，其中why 引导定语从句，that引导表语从句；在表语从句中，who 引导一个非限制性定语从句，补充说明tourists。 （14年真题，B）Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the class