Ranm Vibratin Brief Intrc第七章随机振动简介.pptVIP

* Random Vibration Brief Introduction 随机振动简介 Dr. Dong, Mingming 董明明 Lab. of Vibration and Noise Controlling 振动与噪声控制实验室 * Deterministic Vibration. If vibrational response characteristics such as displacement, acceleration, and stress are known precisely as functions of time, the vibration is known as deterministic vibration. Random (Stochastic) Vibration Examples Pressure fluctuation at a particular point on the surface of an aircraft flying in air. A building subjected to ground acceleration due to an earthquake, A water tank under wind loading. A car running on a rough road * Random Process(随机过程) Random variable (随机变量) or probabilistic quantity Sample Function (样本函数) * Correlation Function These function describe the statistical connection between the values of x(t) are different time t1, t2, … and are called correlation functions (相关函数) * Autocorrelation Function The mathematical expectation (数学期望) of x1x2—the correlation function can be expressed as R(t1, t2). * Experimentally, we can find R(t1, t2) by taking the product of x(i)(t1) and x(i)(t2) in the ith sample function and averaging over the ensemble: * Stationary Random Process A stationary random process is one for which the probability distributions remain invariant under a shift of the time scale. p(x1) becomes a universal density function p(x), p (x1, x2 ) can be written as p(t, t + ?) * Ergodic Process An ergodic (各态历经的) process (各态历经过程, 遍历过程) is a stationary random process for which we can obtain all the probability information from a single sample function and assume that it is applicable to the entire ensemble (全体, 整体). * Fourier Integral A nonperiodic function, such as the one shown by the solid curve, can be treated as a periodic function having an infinite period (T??) * Fourier Integral Formulas * Power Spectral Density The power spectral density and Wiener-Khintchine formulas The power spectral density is more often used in random vibration analysis than the autocorrelation