X波段脉冲雷达前端研制-电磁场与微波技术专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘要 摘 要 雷达自第二次世界大战时出现以后，无论是在民用领域还是军事领域都一直 受到广泛的关注和应用。对整个雷达系统而言，收发前端是不仅是重要的组成部 分，还是决定整体系统性能的关键设备之一。本论文的主要工作就是研制一款 X 波段的脉冲雷达收发前端。 本文分析了雷达前端的主要理论，研究了脉冲雷达收发前端的工作原理和主 要结构，根据理论基础和指标要求，提出了 X 波段脉冲雷达收发前端的总体设计 方案，完成发射机和接收机中各模块电路的设计和实现。论文主要的工作内容包 括： 首先，分析了雷达的基本理论，提出了总体设计方案和整体结构布局。 其次，完成锁相源，脉冲调制信号源，脉冲调制放大器，单平衡混频器的设 计，完成各个电路模块的版图绘制。 然后，根据系统需要，选择合适的射频芯片，设计并绘制发射机和接收机的 电路版图，确定电路布局和腔体结构。 最后，完成收发前端各电路模块的组装、调试和测试工作，对测试结果进行 分析。 经过测试，前端系统指标为： 发射机：产生中心频率在 9.41GHz，带宽为 50MHz 的线性调频的脉冲信号， 峰值发射功率为 34.46dBm。 接收机：噪声系数为小于 3dB，链路增益大于 81dB，动态范围大于 82dB。 关键字：X 波段，脉冲雷达，收发前端，线性调频 II II ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Since the Second World War, X-band radar has been drawn widespread attention both in civilian and military application. The front-end of radar is an important part of the entire radar system, and is the key equipment which determines the performance of the system. The main work of this thesis is to develop a transceiver front-end of X-band pulse radar. This paper analyzed the main theory of the transceiver front-end of radar, and studied the working principle and the basic structure. According to the requirements of the project, this paper proposed the design project of the front-end of the X-band pulse radar using the basic theory. Meanwhile it completed the design and implementation of the transmitter and receiver modules. The main work includes: Firstly, the basic theory of radar was analyzed, and the overall design and the structure were proposed. Secondly, phase-locked source, pulse modulation signal source, pulse modulation amplifier, and single-balanced mixer were designed, and the layout of these circuits were implemented. Then, depending on the needs of system, appropriate RF chips were selected. The layout of the transmitter and receiver were implemented, which determines the final circuit’s layout and the cavity’s structure . Finally, assembling, debugging and test of front-end’s each module were done. In the meantime, the results of test were analyzed. After debugging and test, the front