金顺海轮伙食冷库制冷系统故障分析.doc

PAGE 大连海事大学 毕 业 论 文 二OO七年五月 “金顺海轮”伙食冷库制冷系统故障分析 专业班级: 轮机工程2002-12 姓 名: 王 鹏 指导教师: 轮机工程学院 内容摘要 [摘要]：制冷压缩机起停频繁是制冷系统常见故障之一，其原因涉及系统的设计及日常的运行管理等多方面。本文对我轮伙食冷库制冷系统故障实例分析，由外平衡热力膨胀阀顶杆填料密封不良引发的故障谈起，介绍该种膨胀阀的结构和工作原理，并考虑日常管理相关的其它故障，根据不同的故障现象，分析可能的原因，找出解决的办法。最后根据这次故障做了个总结，提出了针对制冷系统日常管理的个人看法。 [关键词]：制冷压缩机 起停频繁 热力膨胀阀 顶杆填料 ABSTRACT: The frequent action of start and stop of refrigerating compressor is one of the usual troubles of refrigerating plant. The causes have deal with the design of the system and daily maintenance .This paper analysis the real trouble of refrigerating plant occurring in my tanker. Talk beginning with the trouble cause by bad potting in bearing rod packing of thermostatic expansion valve .Introduce the structure and working principle of this expansion valve. Consider the other troubles deal with daily maintenance , according to the different phenomena, analysis the possible reason and find out the solve way. Finally summary this malfunction, I proposed my viewpoint on the ordinary management of refrigerating plant. Keywords : Refrigerating compressor Frequent start and stop Thermostatic expansion valve Bearing rod packing 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265093 前言： PAGEREF _Toc177265093 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265094 1、 制冷系统工作原理 PAGEREF _Toc177265094 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265095 1.1 制冷系统简单流程 PAGEREF _Toc177265095 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265096 1.2 制冷过程各点对应状态 PAGEREF _Toc177265096 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265097 2、“金顺海”轮制冷系统 PAGEREF _Toc177265097 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265098 3、制冷系统故障现象 PAGEREF _Toc177265098 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265099 4、压缩机起停频繁的各种可能性因素 PAGEREF _Toc177265099 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265100 4.1 低压继电器幅差值过小 PAGEREF _Toc177265100 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265101 4.2 温度继电器安装位置不当 PAGEREF _Toc177265101 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265102 4.3 制冷压缩机与热力膨胀阀特性不匹配 PAGEREF _Toc177265102 \h 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc177265103 4.4 制冷系统中冷剂的循环量不足 PAGEREF _Toc177265103 \h 6 HYPERLINK \l