历史转向中科学知识社会学——库恩与社会建构主义者分歧和争论-sociology of scientific knowledge in historical turn differences and arguments between kuhn and social constructivists.docxVIP

In the third part ,we will reconstruct the main ideas of Kuhn, and based on this, go to examine the interpretation of sociology of scientific knowledge on Kuhn’s thought. In the reconstruction of historical turn, we find Historical Turn to take Time into the understanding scientific, we can see a historical dynamic picture about science. Kuhn take a analogy between the scientific development and biological evolution ,and he claims that the paradigm incommensurability does not mean denying the scientific progress. He put the thought of evolution and ecology into the understanding of scientific, so that we see clearly what role the social factors play in the development of science. In Kuhn’s holism, we found that this thought has not lead to methodological relativism inevitably. The development of sociology of scientific knowledge largely based on the excessive interpretation of Kuhn, it embodied in their deconstruction and misuse of “incommensurability” thesis and “Underdetermination” thesis, etc. Sociology of scientific knowledge extend the “shared values” out the “social interests”, it make scientific community have been divided into many small groups in which there have countless disruptions for social interests.The scientific consensus is only a product of power struggle and beneficial compromise. This conclusion fundamentally run counter to Kuhn’s thought. sociology of Scientific knowledge based on the deconstruction and misuse of Kuhn’s thought and closely related incommensurability thesis and Underdetermination thesis. Through the reduction and interpretation of two thesises, we can see that sociology of scientific knowledge will inevitably crumb! KEYWORDS: relativism, Historical turn, Incommensurability thesis, Underdetermination thesis IV 关于学位论文独创 声明和学术诚信承诺 本人向河南大学提出硕士学位申请 .本人郑重声明:所呈交的学位论文是本人在导 师的指导下独立完成的，对所研究的课题有新的见解 .据我所知，除文中特别加以说明、 标注和致谢的地方外，论文中不包括其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包括其 他人为获得任何教育、科研机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料.与我一同工作的同事对 本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意 . 在此本人郑重承诺:所呈