胆汁酸代谢及其异常（医学资料）.pptVIP

To promote digestion and absorption of fat 促进脂肪的消化和吸收 To promote the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins 促进脂溶性维生素的吸收 Regulation of cholesterol metabolism, The maintenance of cholesterol in the bile of the state of dissolution 调节胆固醇代谢,维持胆汁中胆固醇的溶解状态 胆汁酸经肝细胞合成后，分泌入胆汁，进入肠道后大部分可被重吸收，经门脉循环回到肝脏，再由肝细胞摄取，与新合成的胆汁酸一同分泌入胆汁，肠-肝之间的胆汁酸循环称为胆汁酸的肠肝循环。 Bile acid synthesis by the liver cells, secreted into the bile into the intestine after most of the weight can be absorbed through the portal vein back to the cycle of the liver, liver cells from the intake, and the synthesis of new bile acid secretion with bile into the intestines -- Between the liver and intestine bile acid cycle known as the bile acid enterohepatic circulation. 第四节 肝病的生物化学代谢紊乱 一、肝硬化的临床生物化学 Clinical biochemistry of hepatocirrhosis 分类(classification)： 线粒体(Mitochondria) 向阳极移动 2种 结缔组织(Connective tissue) 向阴极移动 2种 β-脯氨酸羟化酶测定（ β-proline hydroxylase， β-PH） β-PH催化胶原中脯氨酸变为羟脯氨酸，在胶原合成中起关键作用。 肝纤维化： β-PH含量及活性 三、 肝性脑病hepatic encephalopathy 是各种严重的肝病（如：严重的肝功能不全）的并发症或终末表现，是以代谢紊乱为基础、临床以意识障碍和昏迷为主要表现的中枢神经系统功能紊乱的综合征。 Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome observed in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. It is characterized by personality changes, intellectual impairment, and a depressed level of consciousness. 2、假神经递质学说 fasle neurotransmitter hypothesis 假神经递质： 分子结构与正常神经递质相似，但不能传递神经冲动或作用很弱，以致神经系统某些部位发生功能障碍，使大脑发生异常抑制，导致昏迷。 False neurotransmitter: molecular structure similar to the normal neurotransmitter, but it can not transmit nerve impulses or the role of the weak, resulting in some parts of the nervous system dysfunction occurred, so that the occurrence of abnormal brain inhibitory, resulting in a coma. 3、氨基酸不平衡学说Amino acid imbalance theory 严重肝功能损伤或有门静脉短路时，血浆中支链氨基酸降低，芳香族氨基酸异常增高。 5、硫醇（mercaptan）增多 甲烷硫醇 methyl mercaptan