中美政府新闻发言人比较研究—从市民社会角度的分析-a comparative study of chinese and american government spokesmen - an analysis from the perspective of civil society.docx

摘要 摘要 I I 摘要 新闻发言人制度在西方发达国家已经有着上百年的历史了。这项制度是推动政 务公开和透明，增进政府与普通老百姓之间联系的重要手段。美国是世界上新闻发 言人制度起步较早、政府信息公开制度比较发达的国家，其政府新闻发言人制度的 较高完善性带来了积极的推进作用。相比较而言，我国的新闻发言人制度起步晚， 发展过程中由于各种历史原因也有过一些偏差。从03年“非典”开始，我国的政府 发言人制度进入了跨越性发展的阶段。 本文共有 4 章，第一章着重是从制度性基础角度认识中美政府新闻发言人制度 的共同性所在。第二章梳理了中美两国新闻发言人制度的差异性所在，从发言人制 度的发展轨迹、制度保障以及新闻发言人队伍等方面加以说明，作为一种制度，中 美政府新闻发言人制度存在着诸多的相异之处。第三章则从市民社会角度来探析中 美政府新闻发言人制度差异性的原因所在，中美两国在市民社会个人权利的维护及 第三部门发展现状的现实差异决定了两国政府新闻发言人制度不可避免的差别，本 文对此也进行了研究。第四章主要论述的是在以上比较的基础上，我们可以借鉴美 国新闻发言人制度的一些优势，以期对我国的政府新闻发言人制度的发展有点滴帮 助。 关键词： 政府新闻发言人制度 市民社会 第三部门 Abstra Abstract II II Abstract A spokesman for the press system has been developed in the West developed—countries for about 100 years. The system is to promote transparency and openness in government affairs and it helps the government and ordinary people to promote the links between them. The United States has the worlds most useful information system，their public information system develops better than other countries， the government spokesman system in the high level plays a perfect positive role in the countrys promoting. By contrast， Chinas spokesperson system started late with the development of a variety of historical reasons. Actually， there are some deviations during its development. In 2003s atypical pneumonia，Chinas government spokesman system has entered a development across the stage. This article has four chapters，the first chapter is focused on the institutional basis for understanding the perspective of China and the United States governments’ press spokesman of their commonality. Chapter two focuses on China and the United States’ spokesman system where the differences exist，also，the track system of the spokesman ， the security system as well as the teams of spokesman. As we know， China and the United States governments’spokesman systems have a lot of differences. Chapter three focuses on the civil society from the perspective of China and the United States governments’differences of press spokesman .The difference of