锐得模板-浙江大学.PPTVIP

Thyroid iodine scan Cervical lymph node biopsy Mediastinoscopy and bronchoscopy Angiography 治疗—外科手术 Surgery 由于某些肿瘤可恶变，体积增大的肿瘤可压迫邻近脏器而产生各种合并症，因此对于纵隔肿瘤必须遵循早期手术切除的治疗原则。 Except for lymphomas ,the treatment for primary mediastinal tumors, whether big or small, benign or malignant, is surgical resection as the tumor may grow to impinge on adjacent important structures. The prognosis is usually good 其他治疗—化疗和放疗 For malignant tumors, if there is no distant metastasis or evident local invasion to the important structures, the patient’s condition is allowable, surgery is the primary treatment of choice; followed by radiation and/or chemotherapy. 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院 胸外科 胡 坚 教授 主任医师 博士生导师 定义 Definition 原发性纵隔肿瘤是指位于纵隔，来源于纵隔组织和器官的肿瘤。95%者为良性，但因易恶变以及对邻近组织的压迫而应予以重视。 Primary mediastinal tumors arise from the mediastinal structures, and mediastinal tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. 纵隔的范围 纵隔(mediastinum)位于两侧胸膜腔之间，左右为纵隔胸膜，前为胸骨，后为胸椎，上经胸廓上口与颈部相延续，下止于膈肌。 The mediastinum is the middle section of the chest in between the pleural cavity. The mediastinum is bordered by the thoracic inlet on top, by the diaphragm on the bottom, the sternum in front, and the vertebral column to the rear. Mediastinum is thoracic cavity between pleural cavities, from sternum to spine, thoracic inlet to diaphragm. Mediastinum Mediastinum 纵隔有心脏、大血管、食管、气管、神经、胸腺、胸导管、丰富的淋巴组织和结蒂脂肪组织。 Organs located in the mediastinum include the heart, the large blood vessels , the thymus gland, the trachea, the esophagus, lymph nodes, important nerves and connective tissues. 临床解剖分区 以胸骨角与第4胸椎下缘连线为界将纵隔分为上、下两部。下纵隔分为3部，心包、心脏和气管分叉所在部位为中纵隔，在其前方为前纵隔，后方为后纵隔。 The most common location 上纵隔 (Superior) 胸腺瘤（ thymoma ）胸骨后甲状腺肿（ thyroid lesions ）甲状旁腺瘤（ parathyroid adenoma ） 前纵隔 (Anterior) 胸腺瘤（ thymomas ） 畸胎瘤（ teratoma ）皮样囊肿（ dermoid cyst ） 中纵隔 (Middle) 心包囊肿（ pericardial cyst ）淋巴源性肿瘤（ lymphoma ）气管或支气管囊肿（ bronchogenic cyst ） 后纵隔 (Posterior) 神经源性肿瘤（ neurogenic tumors ） 常见纵隔肿瘤 Common Medias