【毕业论文】外文翻译--国外市场进入模式.docVIP

外文文献翻译一： 国外市场进入模式 如何进入外国市场有重大影响。扩展到海外市场，以下四个机制。出口是一个传统和方法是。这些财产通常是无形的，如商标专利和生产技术。授权支付一笔费用，以换取无形财产使用权和可能的技术援助。由于投资很少的一部分，需要许可，许可提供了一个非常大的。然而，由于生产和销售的产品制造和营销活动潜在回报可能会丢失。在一有五个共同的目标：市场入风险共享回报共享技术共享和产品开发，并符合政府的规定。其他包括政治联系和取决于关系进入分销渠道。这种联盟往往是有利的合作伙伴'的战略目标趋于一致，而其竞争的目标背道而驰行业领导者合作伙伴的规模，市场力量，资源合作伙伴能够相互学习，同时限制进入其自己的专有技能。外国直接投资（ FDI ）是直接拥有设施的目标国家。它涉及资源转移包括资本技术和人员。外国直接投资可通过收购或建立新的企业。直接所有权提供了高度控制和以便更好地了解消费者和竞争环境。但是，它需要高度的资源和高度的承。不同的情况下不同的进入模式使成功进入模式是一个重要的因素沃尔特迪斯尼公司面临的挑战是建立一个在欧洲主题公园。迪斯尼进入日本许可。然而，该公司选择了直接投资欧洲主题公园，拥有49 ％ ，其余51 ％公开举行除了，另一个重要因素迪斯尼在欧洲。即使一家公司在过去，作为迪斯尼公司已经与加利福尼亚州，佛罗里达州，东京的主题公园，特别是当进入一个不同的国家和文化。适当的调整，为国家的分歧始终应。Foreign Market Entry Modes The decision of how to entry a foreign market can have a significant impact on the results. Expansion into foreign markets can be achieved via the following four mechanisms. ?Exporting ?Licensing ?Joint Venture ?Direct Investment Exporting Exporting is the marketing and direct sale of domestically-produced goods in another country. Exporting is a traditional and well-established method of reaching foreign Markets. Since exporting does not require that the goods be produced in the target country, no investment in foreign production facilities is required. Most of the costs associated with exporting take the form of marketing expenses. Exporting commonly requires coordination among four players. ?Exporter ?Importer ?Transport provider ?Government Licensing Licensing essentially permits a company in the target country to use the property of the licensor. Such property usually is intangible, such as trademarks, patents, and production techniques. The license pays a fee in exchange for the rights to use the intangible property and possibly for technical assistance. Because little investment on the part of the licensor is required, licensing has the potential to provide a very large ROL. However, because the licensee produces and markets the product, potential returns from manufacturing and marketing activities may be