[2006] Electromagnetic Metamaterials for Antenna Applications英文.pdf

IEICE TRANS. ELECTRON., VOL.E89–C, NO.9 SEPTEMBER 2006 1267 INVITED PAPER Special Section on Metamaterials for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Applications Metamaterial-Based Antennas: Research and Developments Richard W. ZIOLKOWSKI†a) , Nonmember SUMMARY A brief review of metamaterials and their applications to yond” those of their constituent materials. It has been dis- antenna systems is given. Artificial magnetic conductors and electrically cussed how metamaterials can have counterintuitive prop- small radiating and scattering systems are emphasized. Single negative, erties in their interactions with electromagnetic waves, e.g., double negative, and zero-index metamaterial systems are discussed as a means to manipulate their size, efficiency, bandwidth, and directivity char- [1]–[3]. They have been considered for use in a wide vari- acteristics. ety of guiding and radiating structures [1]–[3]. Here a brief key words: metamaterials, electrically small antennas, complex media, review of some of the attractive properties of metamaterials artificial magnetic conductors and their potential applications to antenna systems, which have been discussed recently in the technical literature, is 1. Introduction given. Particular emphasis will be given to electrically small metamaterial-based resonant radiating systems that arise by Maxwell’s