ChapterFour-辅仁大学英国语文学系FuJenUniversity.pptVIP

Aristotle Limitations: 1. Barbarians = slaves 2. Women were excluded from the polis. 3. Aims to maintain the existing social hierarchy. The End The Pre-socratics Cosmologists Natural philosophy The 6th century BCE In the Greek cities of Ionia in Asia Minor Believed that “some single, eternal, and imperishable substance . . . gave rise to all phenomena in nature” (Perry) 老子: “一生二, 二生三, 三生萬物” Cosmologists Moving from myth to reason Materialists or matter philosophers Thales (624-548 BCE): Water Anaximander (611-547 BCE) and Anaximenes (586-525 BCE): the Boundless 混沌 (氣?) Cos