国外小麦种质资源抗白粉病与赤霉病评价.docVIP

国外小麦种质资源抗白粉病与赤霉病评价 　　摘要：为了拓宽和丰富小麦种质资源遗传多样性，提高小麦抗性、产量和品质，对国外引进的122份小麦种质资源进行了温室苗期和田间成株期抗白粉病、抗赤霉病鉴定与评价。结果表明，有4份材料苗期和成株期对白粉病均表现为免疫，3份材料苗期和成株期均表现为高抗，11份材料具有明显的成株期抗性;有3份材料对赤霉病表现为高抗，10份材料为中抗，其中有4份材料兼抗白粉病和赤霉病。整体而言，埃及和津巴布韦材料白粉病相对抗性较好，来自墨西哥国际玉米改良中心的大部分材料成株期具有白粉病抗性，这些材料对于改善中国小麦对白粉病和赤霉病的抗性具有一定的实践应用价值。 　　关键词：小麦; 种质资源; 国外; 抗病性; 评价 　　中图分类号：S435.121.4;S512.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）23-5918-04 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.031 　　Resistance Evaluation of Foreign Wheat Germplasm to 　　Powdery Mildew and Fusarium Head Blight 　　YANG Li-jun1a，ZHU Zhan-wang1b，WANG Hua1a，ZHANG Xue-jiang1a， 　　TONG Han-wen1b，LI Ming-ju2，JIAO Chun-hai1 　　（1.a.Institute for Plant Protection and Soil Science;b. Institute of Crops Science， Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Wuhan 430064，China;2. Institute of Environmental Resources， Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Kunming 650205，China） 　　Abstract： In order to broaden and enrich the genetic diversity of wheat germplasm resources and to improve the resistance， yield and quality of local wheat，122 wheat germplasms were introduced and evaluated on the seedling resistance to powdery mildew in greenhouse and adult resistance to powdery mildew and fusarium head blight in field. The results indicated that there were 4 germplasms immune and 3 germplasms high resistance to powdery mildew both at seedling and adult stage， and 11 germplasms showed significant adult resistance to powdery mildew. Three and 10 germplasms were high resistance and middle resistance to fussarium head blight， respectively. Four out of the 13 germplasms had good resistance both to powdery mildew and fusarium head blight. Over all， the resistance of material came from Egyptian and Zimbabwe better than that from the other country and the most materials from the CIMMIT of Mexico contain adult resistance to powdery mildew. All of the above material with good resistance could be valuable resources for improving the resistance of local wheat to powde