干旱区流域水文生态过程耦合分析和模拟研究框架.docVIP

干旱区流域水文生态过程耦合分析和模拟研究框架 　　doi:10.3724/SP.J.1201.2012.01102 　　 　　摘要：干旱区流域水资源短缺与生态恶化问题日趋严重，水文-生态过程耦合分析与模拟问题是实现干旱区流域水安全与生态安全亟待解决的核心科学问题。在总结国内外水文-生态过程耦合研究现状的基础上，探讨当前干旱区流域水文-生态过程耦合研究面临的关键科学问题，初步提出干旱区流域水文-生态过程耦合研究框架，包括水文-生态过程的作用机制、耦合关系和耦合模拟研究，旨在为干旱区流域水文-生态耦合研究提供参考。? 　　关键词：干旱区流域；水文-生态过程；作用机制；耦合关系；耦合模拟? 　　中图分类号：TV11 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-1683（2012）01-0102-04? 　　Discussion of Research Framework of Coupled Analysis and Simulation of ?Hydro-ecological Processes in Arid Watersheds? 　　ZUO Qi-ting?1,GUO Li-jun?2,PING Jian-hua?1,LIANG Shi-kui?1? 　　(1.Center for Water Science Research,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China； 　　2.Xinjiang Survey ?and Design Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower,Urumqi 830000,China)? 　　Abstract:The shortage of water resources and the deterioration of ecosystem have become increasingly serious in the arid watersheds.Coupled analysis and simulation of the hydro-ecological processes are believed to be a core science to realize the water and ecological safety in the arid watersheds.This paper summarized the current worldwide research progress of the hydro-ecological processes,discussed the key scientific problems in the hydro-ecological processes at present,and proposed the research framework for the coupled analysis of the hydro-ecological processes in the arid watersheds,including the mechanism,coupled relationship and simulation of the hydro-ecological process.This framework can provide references for the research of coupled hydro-ecological processes in the arid watersheds.? 　　Key words:arid watersheds；hydro-ecological processes；mechanisms；coupled relationship；coupled simulation 　　? 　　 　　水是干旱区最为稀缺的资源，不仅是制约经济社会发展的关键因素，也是维系生态系统健康的关键因子。干旱区水资源匮乏，生态脆弱，由水资源开发利用引起的绿洲萎缩、沙尘暴肆虐、土壤盐渍化等生态问题日益凸显。干旱区经???社会用水的快速增长及其对生态用水的严重挤占，使水资源短缺与生态退化成为实现干旱区流域可持续发展的关键障碍。? 　　在干旱区，水资源系统与生态系统之间相互联系、相互影响。仅仅独立地研究区域/流域水文过程或生态过程，不能系统地揭示水与自然生态相互作用的客观规律，也难以解决淡水资源短缺、水质恶化和生物多样性减少等生态问题。针对干旱区流域水资源短缺与生态恶化问题，综合考虑水文要素与生态要素的关联，研究水文过程和生态过程相互作用的物理和化学机制，寻求对生态有利、水资源可持续利用的管理方式是当前