直接用于与间接引语.ppt

* * 山东临沭实验中学 王玉龙 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 直接引语与间接引语 1、什么是引语？ 2、什么是直接引语？ 3、什么是间接引语？ 思考并讨论： 1概念:引语就是引用别人的话。 直接引语：说话人直接引用别人的原话，被引用的话在语法上叫做直接引语。 间接引语：说话人用自己的话转述别人的话时，对原话有所改动，所转述的话在语法上叫做间接引语。 eg; John said, “I am going to London with my father.” John said that he was going to London with his father. 2 She said, “We have plenty of time to do this work.” She said that they had plenty of time to do that work. 2、几种句型中直接引语和间接引语相互转换： 1)陈述句 2) 一般疑问句 3)特殊疑问句 4)祈使句 5)感叹句 6)特殊情况下的表示客观真理的直接与间接引语的转换。 (1).陈述句变的变换： eg, She said,” Our train will arrive in five minutes.” ?? She said that their trains would arrive in five minutes. 注意两句中同颜色的词语有什么变化？ He said, “I am very bury doing my homework.” He said that he was very busy doing his homework. 总结： 1. 陈述句的直接引语变间接引语用什么词引导？ 2.人称有什么变化？ 3.时态有什么变化？ 1、用 that 引导 2、人称变为相应的转述人称 3、时态变为过去的时态 2)一般疑问句的直接引语变间接引语. eg, He said, “ Can you swim, John?” He asked John if he could swim. The teacher said, “Have you all understood me now ?” The teacher asked if / whether we had all understood him / her then. 用if 或 whether引导 总结：一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语用什么词引导？ 3)特殊疑问句的直接引语变为间接引语：如：1.George said, “When will you come back from London, John?” 用特殊疑问词who, what, , which, whose when, where, why等词引导. George asked John When he would go back from London. 2. He said, “Where are you going, Xiao Li?” He asked where Xiao Li was going. 总结：特殊疑问句的直接引语变间接引语用什么词引导？ 讨论并总结：直接与间接引语变换中，需要注意哪几个方面的问题？ 1、引导词的变化： A. 陈述句中用___________ B. 一般疑问句中用____ 或 ___________ C. 特殊疑问句中用___________________ that if whether 特殊疑问词 2、时态的变化：如主句谓语动词为过去时,则间接引语中的动词应由现在时变为相应的过去时，具体说来如下： *一般现在时变为一般过去时; *现在进行时变为过去进行时; *一般将来时变为过去将来时; *现在完成时变为过去完成时; *一般过去时变为过去完成时; *过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时. 3、方向性动词、代词与副词的变化 now-----then?????????? today-----that day yesterday-----the day before???????? this week-----that week ?? ? ago -----before????? tomorrow----the next day three days ago-----three days before next week ----the next (following) week ?? here---