玉米秸秆还田对土壤理化性状及小麦产量的影响效果研究刘继培.DOC

玉米秸秆还田对土壤理化性状及小麦产量的影响效果研究 收稿日期： 作者简介：刘继培 刘继培 摘要：为研究连续秸秆还田对土壤理化性状及小麦产量的影响，设置田间试验，通过三年的试验研究秸秆还田后土壤容重、土壤速效养分含量及小麦产量等的变化规律。试验设置三个处理，秸秆还田+腐熟剂，秸秆还田（无腐熟剂，氮磷钾用量同前）和对照（秸秆不还田，氮磷钾用量同前面两个处理），试验结果表明，秸秆还田能够使土壤pH值和土壤容重降低，秸秆还田+腐熟剂处理和秸秆还田处理土壤容重分别降低了0.19g/cm3和0.14g/cm3，降低幅度分别为12.33 %和9.09 %，土壤pH值也分别下降了2.35 %和2.00 %，均显著低于对照处理；连续秸秆还田可以显著提高土壤碱解氮含量、土壤有效磷含量、土壤速效钾含量和土壤有机质含量，秸秆还田+腐熟剂处理和秸秆还田处理三年后土壤有机质平均增加量分别为1.68g/kg和1.58g/kg，两个处理间差异不显著，但均显著高于对照处理；连续秸秆还田后小麦产量也显著提高，2013-2015年秸秆还田+腐熟剂处理较对照增加幅度分别为5.58%、7.88%和10.16%，秸秆还田处理较对照增加幅度分别为4.47%、6.94%和9.04%。秸秆还田在有效改善土壤理化性状的同时 关键词：秸秆还田 土壤理化性状 产量 中图分类号：S1 文献标识码：A 文章编号： Effect of maize straw returning on soil physical and chemical properties and yield of Wheat Abstract:Changes of soil bulk density, available nutrients content and yield of wheat was investigated through a three-year crop straw returning experiment. In this study, three treatments of crop straw returning+microbial inoculants, crop straw returning and control treatment were setup. Results showed that, pH value and bulk density of soil were significantly lower that the control treatment after crop straw returned to filed. Date showed that, bulk density of soil decreased respectively by 0.19g/cm3 (12.33%) and 0.14g/cm3 (9.09%) while pH value of soil decreased respectively by 2.35 % and 2.00 % in the crop straw returning+microbial inoculants and crop straw returning treatment. However, available nutrients content of N, P, K and organic matter increased significantly after crop straw returned to filed. We found that organic matter of soil was increased respectively by 1.68g/kg and 1.58g/kg in the crop straw returning+microbial inoculants and crop straw returning treatment comparing to the control treatment. During 2013-2015, yields of wheat investigated in the crop straw returning Key words: Straw returning, Soil physical and chemical properties, yield 随着我国粮食产量实现“十二连增”，国家统计局公布2015年全国粮食总产量达到62143.5万吨，其中玉米产量为22458.0万吨，据此估算玉米秸秆产量每年达到近2.7亿吨，受秸秆利用经济效益不高、秸秆资源化利用技术不成熟等因素的影响，目前全国有一半以上的秸秆未能得到