瑶族农村患者术前焦虑状况调查和分析.docVIP

瑶族农村患者术前焦虑状况调查和分析 　　[摘要]目的 探讨瑶、汉族农村患者的术前焦虑状态的差异，分析瑶族农村患者术前焦虑发生的相关因素。方法 采用焦虑自评量表、自制一般情况调查问卷，对2015年3月～2016年9月在乳源瑶族自治县人民医院择期手术的200例瑶汉族农村患者进行调查，以100例瑶族农村择期手术患者为瑶族组，以同期的100例汉族农村择期手术患者为汉族组。结果 瑶族组术前焦虑发生的严重程度分布情况重于汉族组，差异有统计学意义（P0.01）。瑶族组患者焦虑评分为（47.58±10.32）分，高于汉族组的（38.16±11.09）分，差异有统计学意义（P0.01）。瑶族患者文化程度、年龄、照顾者、家庭经济条件是焦虑的影响因素。初中及小学、年龄≥60岁、社会支持程度低均是影响瑶族农村患者术前焦虑的独立危险因素。结论 瑶族农村患者术前焦虑程度明显高于汉族农村患者，其影响因素较多，护理人员应实施个体化干预，从而保证手术的顺利进行。 　　[关键词]瑶族；农村；术前焦虑；调查 　　[中图分类号] R195.4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）03（b）-0160-04 　　[Abstract]Objective To explore the difference of anxiety of Yao and Han nationality patients in rural areas before operation，and to analyze the related factors of preoperative anxiety in rural patients of Yao nationality.Methods The self-rating anxiety scale and self-made general questionnaire were used to investigate 200 patients undergoing elective surgery in Ruyuan Yao Autonomous County People′s Hospital from March 2015 September 2016 to in rural areas of Yao and Han nationality，100 cases in rural areas of Yao nationality were selected as Yao nationality group，and 100 cases in the the same period in rural areas of Han nationality were selected as Han nationality group.Results The severity of preoperative anxiety of Yao nationality group was worse than that of Han nationality group，and the difference was statistically significant （P0.01）.The anxiety score of Yao nationality group was （47.58±10.32） scores，higher than that of Han nationality group [（38.16±11.09） scores]，and the difference was statistically significant （P0.01）.The education level，age，caregiver and family economic condition of Yao nationality were the factors of anxiety.The junior middle school and primary school，aged 60 years or more，low social support were the independent risk factors of patients with preoperative anxiety in rural areas of Yao nationality.Conclusion The preoperative anxiety level of Yao nationality patients in rural areas is significantly higher than that of Han nationality patien