儿童保健门诊171例婴儿睡眠的现状分析.docVIP

儿童保健门诊171例婴儿睡眠的现状分析 　　[摘要]目的 了解顺义区婴儿睡眠及睡眠障碍发生现状，为干预策略提供科学依据。方法 选取2015年10月～2015年11月在儿童保健门诊做定期健康体检的所有婴儿171例作为研究对象，采用问卷访谈，收集数据并用卡方检验分析。结果 顺义区儿童睡眠习惯问题较多，表现为与家人同床睡眠、过度安抚、夜间喂奶，分别占到相应年龄段的81.9%、85.4%、81.3%。婴儿睡眠障碍发生率较高，频繁夜醒、入睡困难是婴儿存在的主要睡眠问题，发生率分别为55.1%、11.1%。结论 睡眠障碍的发生和家长的养育行为有关，应该在与家人同床睡眠、过度安抚、夜间喂奶等方面对家长进行科学指导，以减少睡眠障碍的发生。 　　[关键词]婴儿；睡眠习惯；夜醒 　　[中图分类号] R174 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2016）07（b）-0102-03 　　[Abstract]Objective To understand the status of infants′ sleeping and sleep disorders in Shunyi district of Beijing， and provide scientific evidence for intervention strategies.Methods 171 infants who did physical examinations in Child Health Care Clinic from October 2015 to November 2015 were chosen and information about sleeping state as well as those that might closely be related （such as parental raising style）were collected via specific questionnaires which were interviewed by trained doctors.Data was analyzed by chi-squaretest.Results Problems existed in sleep habits of children who admitted to child health care clinic in Shunyi district.Sleeping with parents in the bed，abundance calmming and night nursing，accounted respectively 81.9%，85.4% and 81.3%.Frequent night waking and difficult falling asleep were found to be the main sleep problems for the infants，and the incidence rate were 55.1% and 11.1% separately.Conclusion The sleep disorders may be relative to the parenting ways.We should give scientific guidances to parents about how to sleep with their infants in the bed，and to avoid abundance calmming and night nursing may be necessary. 　　[Key words]Infant；Sleep habit；Frequent night waking 　　近年来，随着睡眠相关学科的发展，婴儿睡眠的重要性日益受到家长和儿童保健工作者的关注，良好的睡眠不仅对儿童体格、认知、神经运动、气质的发育形成均有重要的影响[1]，而且也影响整个家庭的生活质量。婴儿期是人一生中身体、心理等各方面发展最快的时期，良好的睡眠对于婴儿的体格生长、心理、行为发育均有重要影响。持续存在的睡眠障碍对儿童的体格、认知、情绪行为的发展以及内分泌等多系统功能均存在不良的影响结局，可导致儿童生长发育迟缓，学习、记忆能力下降，多动、易怒、攻击性强等情绪行为问题及意外伤害的发生率增加，同时也是儿童乃至成人期肥胖、糖尿病及心血管疾病等慢性病的高风险因素。国内研究显示，有睡眠问题的婴儿较无睡眠问题的婴儿生长速度减慢，头围、胸围、体质量低[2-3]，睡眠障碍已成为影响儿童健康的重要公共卫生问题[4]。儿童保健是儿童健康的第一道防线，了解儿童睡