外研版高中英选修6 Module5 Grammar.pptVIP

GrammarSubjunctive 虚拟语气是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中)；二是表示说话人的主观愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中)。 1. 与现在事实相反： 表示与现在事实相反的条件和结果。 1).If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. 2). If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world. 3). If it were fine now, I would go shopping. 4). If everyone in the country knew first aid, many lives would be saved . 5). If the peasants could farm the land themselves, food production would be much higher. 2. 与过去事实相反： 表示与过去事实相反的条件和结果。 1). If I had had time last night, I would have gone to see the film with you . 2). If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday. 3). If I had learnt how to swim, I would not have been trapped in this island. 4). If the hurricane had happened during the day time, there would have been many more deaths. 3. 与将来事实可能相反： 表示与将来事实可 能相反的条件和结果。 1). If I saw him tomorrow, I should tell him. 2). If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way. 3). If it should be necessary, I could come at six. 1） 含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were这三个词，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行部分倒装。 1). Had they time (= If they had time), they would certainly come and help us. 2). Should it be fine (= If it should be fine), we would go for an outing. 3). Were I you (=If I were you), I would go. 2）有时候，条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时，动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整。这种句子可以称为错综复杂条件句 1). If it had rained last night, (过去) I would be very cold today.（现在） 2). If I had taken your advice, (过去) I should have no trouble with the work now.（现在） 3）有时候，假设的情况不以条件从句表示，而是通过一个介词短语来表示，有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表示。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。 1). We could have done better under more favourite conditions. 2). He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy. 3). Such mistakes could have been avoided. (if we had been more careful) 4). But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time. 5). Without air, there would be no living things. 6). With your help we could have