过去分词作状语-(精品课件).pptVIP

Grammar 过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语： 1. When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. Seen from the hill 1. 时间状语, 可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等. 2. Don’t speak until you are spoken to. Until spoken to 2.原因状语 1. Because the boy was greatly touched by his teacher’s words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates. Greatly touched by the teacher’s words 2. As he was surprised at what happened, Tom didn’t know what to do. Surprised at what happened 3.条件状语 1. If we were given more time, we could do it much better. Given more time 2. If it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapour. Heated to a high temperature 4. 让步状语 1. Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. Though warned of the storm 2. Even if I’m invited, I won’t take part in the party. Even if invited 5. 方式、伴随状语 1. The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students. Followed by a group of students 2. The manager held his head high, he walked into the room. Holding his head high 分词的时态 1）一般式表示与主语动词同时发生。例如： 　 Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.　 　 Arriving there, they found the boy dead.　典型例题 The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president. A. to prepare　 B. preparing　 C. prepared　 D. was preparing　 　　答案B. 此处没有连词，不能选D，否则出现了两个谓语动词 worked和was preparing。 只能在B，C中选一个。又因前后两个动作 同时发生，且与主语为主动关系，应用现在分词。 2）完成时表示先于主语动词发生。例如： 　　While walking in the garden，he hurt his leg. 　　分词作时间状语，如果先与主动词的动作，且强调先后， 要用having done。 　　Having finished his homework, he went out. C. Not having received　 D. Having not received　　 =As he had finished his homework, he went out. 　　典型例题___ a reply, he decided to write again.　 Not receiving　　B. Receiving not　 　 答案C. 本题考查分词的时态与分词的否定式。根据题意判断，词的动作（接信）发生在谓语动词的动作（决心再写信）之前， 因此用分词的完成式。分词的否定式的构成为not +分词，故选C。该句可理解为：Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again. 分词的语态 1）通常，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。例如： He is the man giving you the money.　 （