古典园林景观绩效评价的研究.docVIP

古典园林景观绩效评价的研究 　　摘要：引用景观绩效理念针对古典园林综合性能表现制定一套适宜的评价体系，并对苏州四大名园综合性能表现进行评估，为其后续管理及可持续发展提供决策依据。结果表明，遗产效益在古典园林景观绩效评价体系中权重最高，社会效益次之；在准则层评价中，留园的表现优于其他园林；苏州四大名园景观绩效均达到较好水平，表明各园当前具有较好的可持续发展态势，但内部仍存在较大差异。 　　关键词：古典园林；景观绩效；熵权法；模糊综合法；苏州四大名园 　　中图分类号：K928.71 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）21-4151-06 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.21.038 　　Classical Landscape Performance Evaluation 　　――A Case Study of Four Famous Gardens in Suzhou 　　ZHAO Yue1，ZHU Yin1，ZHANG Li2，YU Hui1 　　（1.School of Architecture and Urban Planning of Suzhou University of Science and Technology，Suzhou 215011，Jiangsu，China； 　　2.School of Jining Polytechnic，Jining 272100，Shandong，China） 　　Abstract： The purpose of this study is to introduce the concept of landscape performance to develop a suitable evaluation system for the comprehensive performance of classical gardens， and to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the four famous gardens in Suzhou，so as to provide decision-making basis for its follow-up management and sustainable development. Empirical research on four famous gardens in Suzhou are conducted. The research shows that the legacy benefits mark the highest weight. Social benefits come second. In the evaluation of criterion-level，the performance of Lingering Garden is superior to other gardens. The comprehensive evaluation values of landscape performance of the four famous gardens in Suzhou are all in the “good” level，which indicates that they have a trend of sustainable development and obvious differences inside. 　　Key words： classical gardens；landscape performance；entropy weight method；fuzzy comprehensive method；four famous gardens in Suzhou 　　古典?@林是重要的世界物质文化遗产，具有极高的历史价值及旅游价值，但城市环境的恶化，现代化发展造成的开发压力、环境压力、经济增长压力以及逐年剧增的游客数量等多种因素对古典园林可持续发展造成了严峻挑战，因此正确认知古典园林现状成为应对挑战、实施可持续发展的重要基础。目前，中国在古典园林的量化评价方面还处于探索阶段，仍需寻求合适的量化指标及方法。景观绩效是国际研究的热点，由美国风景园林基金会（Landscape Architecture Foundation，简称LAF）提出，并建立了景观绩效系列（Landscape Performance Series，简称LPS），根据LAF的定义，景观绩效是一项衡量景观解决方案在实现其预设目标的同时满足可持续性方面的效率的指标[1]。景观绩效主张