城市河流沉积物氨氮及重金属扩散通量的研究.docVIP

城市河流沉积物氨氮及重金属扩散通量的研究 　　摘 要：对滏阳河穿衡水市前后沉积物孔隙水中典型污染物的分布特征进行了分析，并利用一维孔隙水扩散模型（ Fick 定律）估算了氨氮和重金属在沉积物-水界面的扩散通量。结果表明，滏阳河沉积物-水界面氨氮在上覆水和孔隙水垂直剖面上均呈减小趋势；流经城区后，水体中氨氮平均浓度为43.8 mg/L，是入市河流上覆水氨氮浓度的2倍；重金属分布趋势随重金属种类不同而有所差异；上覆水中Zn含量最大，为59.4 μg/L，孔隙水中Cu含量最大，为41.7μg/L。氨氮、Pb和Zn均表现为污染物从上覆水向沉积物扩散，Cr和Ni以及城区后Cu均表现为污染物从沉积物向上覆水释放，其中Cu的向上扩散通量最大为1.89μg/ m2?d。揭示了城市内生活污水和工业废水的排放是河流污染的重要污染源，而滏阳河衡水段存在潜在的重金属释放风险。 　　关键词：扩散通量；沉积物-水界面；Fick定律 　　中图分类号 X171.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2016）01-55-04 　　Diffusion Fluxes of Ammonia Nitrogen and Metals in the City River Sediments 　　Shi Miwei 　　（Institute of Geographical Sciences，Hebei Academy of Science，Shijiazhuang 050011，China） 　　Abstract：The distribution characteristics of typical pollutants in sediment pore water in Fuyang River which was flowing across Hengshui City were analyzed. And the diffusion fluxes of ammonia nitrogen and metals were estimated using a one-dimensional transport-reaction model based on the Ficks First Law. The results showed that the vertical profiles of ammonia nitrogen in overlying water and pore water in the sediment water interface of Fuyang River showed decreasing trend. The average concentration of ammonia nitrogen in water after passing through the city was 43.8mg/L，2 times higher than the river before the city. The distribution trend of heavy metal varied with the different characteristics. The concentration of Zn in the overlying water was the highest and reached 59.4g/L，and the concentration of Cu in pore water was 41.7g/L. Based on the pore water diffusion model，ammonia nitrogen，Zn and Pb were released from overlying water to sediment diffusion，Ni and Cr and Cu were released from sediment to overlying water.The diffusion flux of Cu was 1.89m2g/d. The result reveals that the municipal sewage and industrial wastewater is an important pollution source. There is a potential risk of heavy metal releasing in Fuyang River in Hengshui. 　　Key words：Diffusion fluxes；Sediment-water interface；Ficks law 　　沉积物-水界面是水生态系统中最重要的界面之一，对