Gauge-Unification，-Yukawa-Hierarchy-and-the-$mu$-Problem.pdf

hep-ph/9504312, WIS-95/18/Apr-PH Gauge Unification, Yukawa Hierarchy and the Problem 5 9 9 1 r p Yosef Nir A 7 Department of Particle Physics 1 Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel 1 v 2 The hierarchy in the Yukawa couplings may be the result of a gauged horizontal U (1)H 1 3 symmetry. If the mixed anomalies of the Standard Model gauge group with U (1)H are 4 0 cancelled by a Green-Schwarz mechanism, a relation between the gauge couplings, the 5 9 Yukawa couplings and the -term arises. Assuming that at a high energy scale g2 = g2 = / 3 2 h p 5 g2 and (m m m )/(m m m ) ∼ λ (where λ is of the order of the Cabibbo angle), the 3 1 e τ d s b - p U (1)H symmetry solves the -problem with ∼ λm3/2 . e h : v i X r a 4/95 A possible intriguing relation between hierarchies in the fermion Yukawa couplings and unification of gauge couplings has been recently proposed by Bin´etruy and Ramond [BR] [1] and by Ib´a˜nez and Ross [2]. The relation arises if anomalies of a gauged horizontal U (1)H symmetry are cancelled by a Green-Schwarz mechanism [3]. One of the basic assumptions of BR was that the -term in the superpotential is neutral under U (1)H . In this work, we investigate the more general case, namely that the -term carries an arbitrary charge. We point out that if we take that, at a high scale, (a) the gauge couplings satisfy 5 g2 = g2 = g2 , (1) 3 2