现代词汇学-Chapter-6.ppt

Types of Homonyms A. Homographs [homo (same) +graph (writing)] words identical only in spelling row v. /r?u/ 划（船） row n. /rau/ 喧哗 lead v. /li:d/ 领导 lead n. /led/ 铅 Types of Homonyms B. Homophones [homo (same) +phone (sound)] words identical only in sound air /ε?/ heir /ε?/ 继承人 cell /sel/ 小房间 sell /sel/ Of the three types, homophones constitute the largest number. Types of Homonyms C. Perfect homonyms / Full homonyms words identical both in sound and spelling bark v. （狗）吠 bark n. 树皮 fan n. 扇 fan n. 迷 3. Sources of Homonymy A. Borrowing—Diverging meaning development ball n. 球 from beallu (OE) ball n. 舞会 from baller (OF) B. Change in sound and spelling—Convergent sound development ear n. 耳 from eare (OE) ear n. 穗 from ?r (OE) Sources of Homonymy C. Shortening / Abbreviation mad MAD mutually assured destruction who WHO World Health Organization 4. Differentiation of homonyms from polysemants 1. Source 2. Semantic relatedness polysemants: (1) same source, different meanings (2) meanings related homonyms: (1) different source, different meanings (2) meanings not related 5. Rhetoric features of homonyms Task: Please read the following short dialogue, can you understand the implied meaning indicated by the italicized word sea? 　　[1] “You’re not eating your fish,” the waitress said to him, “Anything wrong with it　　　 [2] “Long time no sea.” The man replied. Rhetoric features of homonyms Long time no see is usually said as a form of greeting between two friends when they meet after a long time. Here the customer cleverly employed the structure of the idiom to his advantage to criticize in a humorous way the bad quality of the food served at the restaurant. Long time no sea implies that `sea food kept for a long time is not fit for eating. Rhetoric features of homonyms As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particu