思茅松松脂松节油群体的物理及化学特征尹晓兵-南京林业大学学报.PDFVIP

思茅松松脂松节油群体的物理及化学特征 尹晓兵，耿树香，马惠芬，郑 畹 (云南省林业科学研究院，云南 昆明 650204) 摘 要：研究了云南省思茅松脂松节油群体的相对密度、折光率、初馏点、馏程体积、旋光度和化学组成等物理 和化学特征差异 。结果表 明：思茅松松节油化学组成种源变异丰富，松节油的旋光度是思茅松地理种源的指 纹标记。根据组成和依产地从南到北的顺序，思茅松松节油可分为高 α-蒎烯、高β-蒎烯和高3-蒈烯3类，前两 类优级品的质量指标优于GB／T12901-91标准要求，第3类的折光率超过GB， ／T12901-91标准上限。3类间 的4项质量指标、特征组分含量差异极显著；旋光度都为右旋，且差异高度显著。依产地由南向北r蒎烯含量 递减：91．08％，70．90％，42．55％；8一蒎烯递增：2．46％，21．94％，36．68％；3一蒈烯依次递增：0．62％，2．79％， 11．51％；第3类的p水芹烯和异松油烯显著高于前两类；单萜质量分数在98．74％～99．79％，而倍半萜质量 分数只有O．21％～1．29％。 关键词：思茅松；脂松节油；物理和化学特征；3一蒈烯；指纹特征 中图分类号：TQ351．47 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-2006(2005)05-0080-05 DifferencesofPhysicalandChemicalCharacteristics ofGumTurpentinefromSimaoPine YIN Xiao-bing, GENG Shu-xiang, MA Hui-fen, ZHENG Wan (YunnanAcademyofForestry,Kunming650204,China) Abstract:Thedifferencesofphysicalandchemicalcharacteristicsofgumturpentinegroup from Simaopine(P.inuskesiyavar.langbianensis) inYunnanwerestudied.Theywererela- tivelydensity,refractiveindex,boilingpoint,volumeofdistillationrange,opticalrotationand chemicalcompositions.Theresultsshowedthat..Thevariationofchemicalcompositionsof gum turpentinefrom Simaopinewerevery significantamongprovenances.Theresourcesof highcontent3-carenefromSimaopinewasfirstdiscovered.Theopticalrotationwasfinger- printearmark ofprovenancesofSimaopine,whichwasfirstputforward.Gumturpentine fromthispinemaybeclassifiedintothreesortsaccordingtothecompositionfromsouthto north.Thequalityofproductsofthefirstandsecondwassuperiortothetechnologyrequired .inGB/T 12901~12902-91.Buttherefractiveindexofthethirdsortswashigherthantheup- per limitinGB/T 12901-91.Thedifferenceswereverysignificantoffourqualitiesindex,the contentofcharacteristiccompositionsamongsorts.That α-pieneofthreesortsdescendingby orderwere91.08%,70.90%,42.55%,and β-pieneincreasebyorderwere2.46%,21.94%, 36.68%,and3-carenealsoincreasebyorderwere0.62%,2.79%,11.51%.Theco