【精编】托马斯潘恩Thomas Paine.pptVIP

123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 123 The Literature of Reason and Revolution 1.Historical Introduction 2.Thomas paine 第一小组：XXX XXX * 123 Historical Introduction Two historical events 1. The American War for Independence 1775-1783 2. Enlightenment Theology 神学dominated the Puritan phase of American writing. Politics was now the great subject to command the attention of the best minds. * 123 Thomas Paine (1737-1809) 托马斯·潘恩（Thomas Paine）：英裔美国思想家、作家、政治活动家、理论家、革命家、激进民主主义者。生于英国诺福克郡，曾继承父业做过裁缝，后来做过教师、税务官员，后来投身欧美革命运动。1792年他被选入法国国民公会。1802年在杰斐逊总统的邀请下，潘恩返回美国。1809年6月8日在纽约格林尼治村林苑路59号去世，享年72岁。 * 123 1.His life and career: born in a poor Quaker corset or stiff family received very limited education served as an exciseman 收税官 active in local affairs emigrated to America in October 1774 helped by Benjamin Franklin published Common Sense in 1776 as a propagandist宣传者 for American Revolution * 123 left for Europe in 1787 Wrote published Rights of Man in 1791 and 1792 made a French citizen and elected to the National Convention in 1792 Imprisoned from 1793 to 1794, released with James Monroe’s help Left Paris for America in 1802, welcomed by Thomas Jefferson Died in 1809 and buried in on a corner of his small farm in America * 123 2. Major works 1）The Case of the Officers of the Excise税吏事件 (1772) --- his first pamphlet, a petition请愿书 to Parliament for a living wage for the excise collectors 2）Common Sense 常识(1776) --- signed simply “By an Englishman”, to urge the colonies to declare independence; Paine became forthwith the most articulate (表达清楚有力的) spokesman of the American Revolution. * 123 2. Major works 3.） The American Crisis美国危机 (1776-1783)---Paine’s chief contribution was a series of 16 pamphlets (1776-1783) entitled The American Crisis and signed “Common Sense” which dealt directly with the military engagements to inspire the Continental Army. 4.） The Rights of Man 人权论(1791 - 92) --- an answer to Burke’s Recent Reflections on the French Revolu