基于NetLogo的地铁车站人员紧急疏散仿真研究-铁道科学与工程学报.PDF

第 14卷 第 12 期 铁道科学与工程学报 Volume 14 Number 12 2017 年 12 月 Journal of Railway Science and Engineering December 2017 基于 NetLogo 的 地铁车站人员紧急疏散仿真研究 胡丽娟，姚加林，郑亮 ( 中南大学 交通运输工程学院，湖南 长沙 410075) 摘 要：基于多智能体仿真平台 NetLogo 搭建仿真环境，利用海龟(Turtles)、瓦片(Patches)和观察员(Observer)3 类智能体建 立地铁车站站厅人员紧急疏散仿真模型。通过编程实现主体的探测、躲避障碍物、随机摆动、走向目的地等行走策略，规划 人员的行走路径，推进仿真进程，研究站厅人员数量、出口条件、有站台输出人员对紧急疏散的影响。仿真结果表明：疏散 时间随站厅人员数量线性递增且在超过某阈值后增长率突然变大；开放 4 个出口的疏散效率显著高于开放 2 个出口的情形且 每种情形单个出口的疏散效率相似；2 种情形下单位时间通过出口总人数的频次概率分布符合正态分布；疏散时间随出口宽 度增加而迅速减小，宽度增至某值后减小速率趋于平缓；疏散时间随站台输出人员速率线性递增，人员生成速率超过某值后 疏散时间迅速增大。本研究所得结论可为地铁车站站厅设计、人员紧急疏散和应急指挥提供可行性建议。 关键词：紧急疏散；地铁车站；多主体仿真；NetLogo 中图分类号：U291.69 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672−7029(2017)12 −2730 −08 Emergency evacuation simulation for pedestrians at metro station by NetLogo HU Lijuan, YAO Jialin, ZHENG Liang (School of Traffic Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China) Abstract: An emergency evacuation simulation model for pedestrians at metro station hall was established by three kinds of agents, that is, turtles, patches and observer, whose simulation environment was built using the multi-agent simulation platform named NetLogo. Through programming, some walking strategies of pedestrians were realized, which include the detection, obstacle avoidance, random swing, walking to destination and so on. Then, the personnel walking path was planned and the simulation process was advanced, which helps study the influence of the number of pedestrians at the station and exit conditions on the emergency evacuation. The simulati