[英语学习]翻译理论与实践研究报告.pptVIP

4. Criteria of Translation Yan Fu’s (严复) “three-character guide”, which was first proposed in 1898, is the principle of Faithfulness (信) Expressiveness (达) Elegance (雅) “译事三难：信、达、雅” See TB P17 4. Criteria of Translation Some revisions such as faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness (信、达、切); faithfulness, expressiveness and fitness (信、达、贴), Fu Lei’s (傅雷) spiritual conformity/resemblance in spirit （神似) Qian Zhongshu (钱钟书) transmigration (化境) 鲁迅：翻译：一当然力求其易解,一则保存原作的丰姿。反对牛头不对马嘴，提出“宁信而不顺”之原则。 林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美” 梁实秋的“宁错务顺” 瞿秋白的“信顺统一” 许渊冲的“音美、形美、意美（三美）” Criteria for be