消防专业论文-地震灾害中建筑倒塌现场破拆技术研究.docxVIP

PAGE III 地震灾害中建筑倒塌现场破拆技术研究 摘 要 地震建筑倒塌是指由于在地震的强力破坏作用下，造成各种建筑结构整体或局部倒塌，导致大量人员和财产损失。如何针对地震建筑倒塌的事故现场，有效地组织抢救人命，有目的地救出幸存者，有效发挥人与装备的作用，达到救人、多救人的目的，研究地震灾害中建筑倒塌现场破拆技术，是消防部队需要面对和研究的一个重要的课题。 本文在大量参考地震建筑倒塌相关资料和消防部队在汶川地震救援的经验总结，结合本人在地震救援训练基地的调研的基础上，总结了当前地震建筑倒塌现场救援的难点，通过对破拆和常用破拆工具的概述、典型建筑倒塌形式以及典型生存空间的阐述。研究了地震建筑倒塌现场的救援技术及其应用，得出了针对被困者生存空间的不同情况和在开辟救援通道所遇到的障碍而采取所对应的破拆技术，以及其在破拆救援过程中的注意事项。通过对地震建筑倒塌现场破拆技术的研究有利于提高救援效率和救援质量，以及救援队伍的整体作战能力，增加现场救援的成功率，为消防部队建筑倒塌救援提供参考。 关键词： 地震建筑倒塌； 生存空间； 倒塌形式； 破拆技术 Forcible Entry Technology Research on Buildings Collapsed in Earthquake Disaster Scene Abstract The collapse of buildings in the earthquake is because of under the strong damage of the earthquake, a variety of construction collapsed of the whole or the part .It also resulted in substantial loss of life and property , how to aim at the scene of the accident in the earthquake to organize the effectively rescue of human life,and purposefully search for survivors and victims, as well as play the role of people and equipment effectively.To achieve the goal of saving more people. Study on methods of the forcible entry at the scene of building collapsed is an important issue. In this paper, a large number of reference information on the earthquake building collapse and fire and rescue forces in the Wenchuan earthquake experience, combined with my training base in the earthquake relief based on the research, summed up the current earthquake building collapse rescue at the scene of difficulty, and commonly used by forcible entry an overview of tools, the typical form of construction, as well as the collapse of the typical living space. Studied the collapse of buildings at the scene of the earthquake rescue technology and its applications, derived for the survival of trapped persons in different circumstances and in the opening rescue the obstacles and take the corresponding forcible entry technology, and its rescue forcibleentry in the process of attention. Through the building collapsed at the sc