消防专业论文-ALOHA软件在液氯槽车泄漏事故后果模拟中的应用.docxVIP

PAGE III 摘 要 随着我国化工和石油化工行业的发展，液氯作为工业原料得到了广泛应用，其运输量在不断攀升，导致液氯槽车泄漏事故频发。消防部队作为化学事故应急救援的主体力量，在液氯槽车泄漏事故处置过程中面临的任务复杂而艰巨，如何在第一时间根据现场情况快速预测合理可信的危害区域是进行人员疏散及有效展开现场处置工作的前提。 本文通过对液氯泄漏扩散模型的研究，分析了液氯泄漏扩散的过程及规律；通过对毒性伤害准则及标准的研究，选择了科学合理的毒性判定浓度标准及相应的毒性关注浓度值。在特定的事故场景下，采用ALOHA软件对一起液氯槽车泄漏事故的危害区域进行了模拟与分析。同时，考虑到实际救援工作中事故场景的复杂性与多变性，本文还利用ALOHA软件对气象条件（如风速、温度、湿度等）、泄漏源项（泄漏口大小、位置及类型）、地表状态等主要影响因素进行了模拟，得出了相关结论。结果表明，液氯槽车泄漏事故的危害后果十分严重，当事故场景中某一参数发生改变时，其危害区域会发生规律性的变化。 关键词：ALOHA软件；液氯槽车；泄漏；后果模拟；影响因素 Abstract  With the rapid development of economy and petrochemical industry, the range of chlorine service has been wider and wider, it has been the important chemical products. But the accident of chlorine transport has been increasing year by year. Chlorine gas leakage accident brings strong toxicity, and the diffusion range is extensive, the hazard area is also wide. Leakage accident once in place, it will causing large casualties and property losses. How to forecast damage area rapidly and accurately during rescue process? As the professional rescue efforts, fire army should solve the important topic urgently. The paper is on the basis of researching the chlorine diffusion model and chlorine hurt standards. Using the ALOHA software imitate the hypothetical liquid chlorine tank leakage accidents, describe the poison distribution with image and text. Through the analysis of the results of ALOHA imitating, provide security for the fire army to forecast damage area rapidly and accurately, take emergency action effectively and layout disposal power reasonably. It also provide scientific basis for the fire army to formulate relevant plans. Keywords: ALOHA software; liquid chlorine tank car; leak; simulation result; factors. 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc293671594 中文摘要 PAGEREF _Toc293671594 \h I HYPERLINK \l _Toc293671595 英文摘要 PAGEREF _Toc293671595 \h II HYPERLINK \l _Toc293671596 目 录 PAGEREF _Toc293671596 \h III HYPERLINK \l _Toc293671597 1 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc293671597 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l