3 Approximate thin plate spline mappings英文版本.pdf

Approximate Thin Plate Spline Mappings Gianluca Donato1 and Serge Belongie2 1 Digital Persona, Inc., Redwood City, CA 94063 gianlucad@ 2 U.C. San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0114 sjb@ Abstract. The thin plate spline (TPS) is an effective tool for modeling coordinate transformations that has been applied successfully in several computer vision applications. Unfortunately the solution requires the in- version of a p ×p matrix, where p is the number of points in the data set, thus making it impractical for large scale applications. As it turns out, a surprisingly good approximate solution is often possible using only a small subset of corresponding points. We begin by discussing the obvious approach of using the subsampled set to estimate a transformation that is then applied to all the points, and we show the drawbacks of this method. We then proceed to borrow a technique from the machine learning com- munity for function approximation using radial basis functions (RBFs) and adapt it to the task at hand. Using this method, we demonstrate a significant improvement over the naive method. One drawback of this method, however, is that is does not allow for principal warp analysis, a technique for studying shape deformations introduced by Bookstein based on the eigenvectors of the p × p bending energy matrix. To ad- dress this, we describe a third approximation method based on a classic matrix completion technique that allows for principal warp analysis as a by-product. By means of experiments on real and synthetic data, we demonstrate the