多天线OFDM系统中信道估计技术的研究-通信与信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 多天线正交频分复用（MIMO-OFDM）系统结合正交频分复用（OFDM）和多输 入多输出（MIMO）技术，能够有效的提高无线通信系统的性能。为了实现多天线 OFDM 系统良好的传输性能，在接收端进行良好的信道估计是非常必要的。为此作者研究了 多天线 OFDM 系统中基于导频辅助调制（PSAM）的信道估计算法。 首先讨论了多天线 OFDM 系统的系统设计方法，介绍了 OFDM 和 MIMO 技术的 基本原理，着重研究了空时分组码 OFDM 系统的体系结构和编解码原理。随后深入研 究了多天线 OFDM 系统中基于导频辅助的信道估计算法。分析讨论了基于不同导频结 构的现有算法，包括导频处子信道最小二乘（LS）估计和最小均方误差（MMSE）估 计、基于梳状导频的插值滤波算法、基于块状导频的 LS 频域估计以及基于二维散布导 频的维纳滤波算法，通过仿真分析了各种算法在空时分组码 OFDM 系统中的性能和特 点。 提出了改进的 MMSE 估计算法，该算法可以在信道统计特性未知的情况下进行信 道估计。针对导频子信道 LS 估计性能低和 MMSE 估计运算复杂度高的缺点，提出了 对导频子信道估计算法的改进方法，改进的 LS 估计算法通过时频域转换，抑制了信道 加性高斯白噪声的干扰，改善了估计性能，降低了运算复杂度。最后，通过仿真验证 了 LS 估计的改进算法与原 LS 估计相比有更好的信道估计性能，且计算复杂度低，易 于实现。 关键词： 多输入多输出; 正交频分复用; 空时编码; 信道估计; 导频辅助调制 II II Abstract The MIMO-OFDM system which combines OFDM and MIMO can improve the performance of the wireless communication system. In order to realize the excellent transmission performance, accurate channel estimation is very necessary in the receiver. This brings out the target of this paper: the author investigates the channel estimation based on pilot-symbol-aided for the MIMO-OFDM system. At the first, the author discusses the system design of the MIMO-OFDM system, introduces the principles of OFDM and MIMO systems, especially researches the system structure and encode decode principle of the Space-time Block Coded OFDM. Then, the channel estimation technique based on pilot-based channel estimation methods is investigated. The estimation algorithms of different pilot arrangement in nowadays is analyzed, including of the estimation of the channel response of pilot sub-carriers, the interpolated estimation based on the comb-type pilot, the LS estimation based on the block-type pilot and the Wiener Filter algorithms based on the two dimension pilot. The author compares the simulation results of each technique in the Space-time Block Coded OFDM system and analyzes the performances and characteristics of these algorithms. The improved MMSE estimation is given, which can work in the systems when the statistics c