残疾人车总体设计与性能仿真研究-机械工程专业论文.docxVIP

河北 河北工业大学硕士学位论文 残疾 残疾人车总体设计与性能仿真研究 残疾人车总体设计与性能仿真研究 摘 要 我国众多残疾人有着驾驶汽车的愿望。本文基于残疾人驾驶的要求设计了一款残疾人 驾驶的电动汽车。对车身进行了分析优化，并对整车的行驶平顺性、操纵稳定性及侧风下 的操纵稳定性做了仿真研究。 本文首先对空气动力学、流体理论、数值分析在车身设计中的应用做了简单的介绍。 通过对车身进行外流场分析得到基本气动参数，通过对车身速度矢量图、车身压力云图的 分析得到改进车身气动性能的方法。使用分析结果对车身进行改进，得到了具有良好气动 特性的车身。 其次对整车建模方法、多体动力学理论、汽车的平顺性及稳定性做了介绍，使用 ADAMS/car 建立整车模型，使用路面建模器建立各级随机路面，分别对整车模型分别进行 在随机路面、脉冲路面输入下的行驶平顺性仿真，在角阶跃转向、转向回正下的操纵稳定 性进行仿真。 最后用车身的纵向与风速的方向成一定夹角来模拟整车在侧风中的行驶过程，并对侧 风中行驶汽车的外流场进行分析，从而得到汽车在侧风行驶时的侧向力，然后给对直行的 汽车一个不规则的侧向加速度进行仿真，得到侧风下的操纵稳定性。 经过优化后的车身气动阻力为 0.40，气动阻力较小，满足车身的使用要求，整车的平 顺性及操纵稳定性都较好。低速行驶在 5 级侧风中的汽车操纵稳定性也较好。 关键词：CFD ，残疾人汽车 ，数值分析，平顺性，操纵稳定性，侧风稳定性 i PAGE PAGE iv GENERAL DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE SIMULATION RESEARCH OF DISABLED CAR ABSTRACT The most disabled people have the dream to drive a car by themselves. This article designed a new electric disabled vehicle based on the design demands of presented disabled vehicle. This design optimizes the body and makes a simulation study for running smoothness ， handling stability and the handling stability under crosswind of the automotive. Firstly, this article makes a short introduction of aerodynamics, fluid theory, and numeric analysis which are applied to the body design. It get the basic aerodynamic parameters via the external flow field analysis of the body and the method of improving the body aerodynamic performance through the analysis of the body velocity vector diagram and the pressure nephogram. Improving the body by using the analysis result, and then the body which has well aerodynamics performance is obtained. Secondly, there is a introduction of the entire car modeling approach, multi-body dynamics theory, vehicle running smoothness and handling stability. Establishing the entire car model by using ADAMS/car and all or different levels random road by using the road modeler. Running smoothness performance of the entire car model is simulated on random road and pulse road separately. The handling stability is simulated under the conditi