草鱼主要寄生虫动态变化与水生态因子关系研究-水产养殖专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 II II 3. 在适温 20℃条件下，通过硬度、碱度对多子小瓜虫孵化及活力的影响研究发现， 在水体硬度和碱度都为 0 mmol/L 时，多子小瓜虫包囊壁的厚度最大为 70.5μm，当硬度和 碱度增大到 4 mmol/L 时，包囊壁厚度变薄为 21.4 μm。多子小瓜虫孵化时间在硬度、碱 度为 0.5 mmol/L 和 0.1 mmol/L 显著的低于其他实验组；幼虫保持活力时长，硬度、碱度 分别为 0 mmol/L 组显著的低于其他组；其次是硬度、碱度分别为 4mmol/L 和 0.1 mmol/L 组。 本论文结果表明，草鱼寄生虫的发生与生态因子中的水温、碱度、硬度等有着一定 的相关性，在 30℃，多子小瓜虫 HSP70 在滋养体中表达最低 ，但是在包囊中表达最高， 进一步的说明了包囊是多子小瓜虫度过不利环境的主要方式。 水体中的碱度、硬度对多 子小瓜虫壁厚、孵化出幼虫的时间、幼虫保持活力的时长及孵化率都有着一定的影响， 对于水体中的 Mg2+, Ca2+浓度与水温的交叉作用对多子小瓜虫的影响需要深入研究。草鱼 纤毛类寄生虫感染率、丰盛度与水体中纤毛类原生动物的关系也待进一步研究。 关键词：多子小瓜虫 ；草鱼；生态因子；HSP70；硬度及碱度 Abs Abstract PAGE PAGE IV Abstract Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) is an important aquaculture species, accounting for about 20% of gross freshwater fish product in China. However, during recent years, the grass carp has suffered from more serious diseases , the mainly parasitic harm for grass carp are Trichodina, Dactylogyrus，Chilodonella cyprini, Ichthyophthirius muhifiliis, Gowkongensis. In this paper, a preliminary survey of the grass carp‘s parasitic diseases in the ponds in three different places of Guangdong Province, QingYuan Didixia village, ZhongShan Guangchengwei and GuangZhou Xilang was conducted, to find the relationship between the grass carp‘s parasites and the water quality, physical and chemical factors as well as the number of ciliated protozoan. While in the course of the investigation, the characteristics and dynamics of the parasite- Dactylogyrus on the gills were studied; in different hardness and alkalinity water, the impact of hatchability and vitality of theront of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Im) were studied. Histopathological changes of parasite was observed when Im infected grass carp juvenile under laboratory conditions. HSP70 gene was cloned from Im strain that collected on grass carp in Qingyuan and heat stress molecular mechanism of Im was preliminary studied . The main results and conclusions are as follows: During the period of investigation, Grass carp parasites was closely related to the se