PPT9：中石化《工作安全分析（JSA）》.ppt

基于经验 JSA 由一个或一组人对作业进行分析. 分析的结果在很大程度上取决于这些人对作业和安全的认识和经验 不够系统全面 JSA 只能进行定性分析, 不能定量评估发生危险的可能性 JSA 的局限性 * 谢谢大家！ 本资料整理自网络，版权归原作者所有 更多资源请关注公众号 “HSE安全之家” * Job Safety Analysis Flow-Chart The following flow-chart illustrates steps involved in Job Safety Analysis (JSA) * Step 3: How are potential hazards identified? Two commonly used techniques for identifying potential hazards are: Kepner and Tregoe method based on change analysis; Gibson and Haddon approach based on unwanted energy flow and energy barrier. A.??Change analysis (Kepner and Tregoe) Change analysis helps establish the significance of changes in causing accidents and losses. As well, it helps determine counter-changes to prevent these accidents and losses. Change is needed for improvement, but the change may have unwanted side effects. Changes can be planned or unplanned. Sometimes, preventive changes can cause problems if not introduced properly. In planned changes potential problems can be identified and controlled. Change analysis offers a powerful safety analysis methodology for the unplanned and anticipated changes in the operation of equipment, material, or process. Any unplanned changes may result in accidents and losses unless preventive measures (counter-changes) are implemented. First introduced by C.H. Kepner and B.B. Tregoe in 1965 as a managerial tool to solve production problems, the change analysis technique was eventually adapted to occupational health and safety issues. In the 1970s, the What if procedure was developed to identify possible accident event sequences. Once these sequences are established it is easier to pinpoint the hazards, consequences, and potential methods for risk reduction. The What if analysis involves conducting a thorough and systematic examination of each task by asking questions that begin with What if…? The formulation of the exact questions is left up to those conducting the examination. * Definitions In this publication, hazard and risk are defined as fol