定语从句-(精选·公开·课件).pptVIP

* 东安一中外语组 陈贵陀 1、定语从句 2、名词性从句 3、非谓语动词 4、助动词和情态动词 5、动词的时态与语态 6、主谓一致 知识点分析 种类 引导词 基本用法 巩固题、 高考题 特殊用法和结构 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。它们的区别有： 1.I spent a whole afternoon with John, who was very helpful. 2.The village where I grew up is a very beautiful place in the mountains. 3.A plane is a machine that can fly. 4. Tom’s dog,which was now very old,became ill and died. ① 意义的不同：限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，在句子中不能少；非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用，没有它，意思基本完整。 ②书写形式的不同：限制性定语从句与先行词之间无逗号;非限制性定语从句与先行词之间有逗号。 引导定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有：that, which,who, whom,whose；关系副词有：when, where,why。 1、 who指人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： This is the girl who is the most beautiful in our school. 2、whom指人，是宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。例如： This is the girl whom I’d like to make friends with. 3、whose既可指人又可指物，是所有格，在定语从句中作定语。例如： This is the girl whose father is our headmaster. This is the tree whose branches are dead. 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，引导定语从句，同时又在定语从句中担任一定的成分：主语、宾语、定语或状语。 4、that既可指物也可指人，既是主格又是宾格，在定 语从句中既作主语又作宾语，作宾语时可省略。例如： ①This is the bike that was stolen yesterday. ②Have you found the key (that) your brother lost? ③This is the doctor that fights bravely against SARS. ④Li Ping is the student (that) our teacher often praises. 5、 which只可指物，既是主格又是宾格，在定语从句中既作主语又作宾语，作宾语时可省略。例如： This is the book which can help you. This is the pen (which)you lost yesterday. 6、关系副词在定语从句中作状语。关系副词也可以用介词+which代替。why作原因状语，where作定点状语，when作时间状语。 I don’t know the reason why he was late. Dalian is the place where he once lived. I still remember the day when he was born. for which in which on which 4. Dalian is the place ________ Tom was born. 5. Dalian is the place ________ Tom likes best. 6. I still remember the day __________ Jane was born on. 7. I still remember the day on ________ Jane was born. 8. I still remember the day __________ is Jane’s birthday. 9. I still remember the day _________ Jane was born. where that/which that/which that/which when which 关系代词that和which的特殊用法 一 、先行词为“物”时,