第三代头孢菌素类抗菌药物药理的作用及其临床合理用药的探讨.docVIP

第三代头孢菌素类抗菌药物药理的作用及其临床合理用药的探讨 　　[摘要] 目的 剖析第三代头孢菌素类抗菌药物药理作用及其临床合理用药。方法 回顾分析2015年9月―2016年7月期间红河州第三人民医院头孢菌素类抗菌药物使用情况，随机抽取500份医嘱作为研究对象，观察此类药物的使用频度、不良反应等。结果 ①第三代头孢菌素类抗菌药物的使用频度28.23%，高于第二代的9.76%，高于第一代的8.56%，数据对比差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。②选取其中常用的3种第三代头孢菌素类抗菌药物，头孢曲松、头孢地嗪钠、头孢噻肟钠，三种药物成人用药多选择静脉滴注、肌肉注射等方式用药，药理作用有所不同。③31例出现不良反应，不良反应涉及泌尿系统、血液系统、消化系统等方面不良反应。其中发生率最高的不良反应为消化系统不良反应，占全部不良反应的77.42%。过敏反应明显高于其他不良反应类型发生率（P0.05）。 结论 该院使用的第三代头孢菌素类抗菌药物比较合理，因此严格掌握各种药物的药理，才能更好的确保临床上的合理用药。 　　[?P键词] 第三代；头孢菌素类；抗菌药物；药理作用；合理用药 　　[中图分类号] R978.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2017）05（b）-0119-03 　　[Abstract] Objective To analyze the pharmacological actions and clinical rational medication of third generation cephalosporin antibacterial drugs. Methods 500 pieces of doctor’s signs were extracted as the research objects and the application of third generation cephalosporin antibacterial drugs from September 2015 to July 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and the use frequency and adverse reactions of the drugs were observed. Results The use frequency of the third generation cephalosporin antibacterial drugs was higher than that of second generation and first generation cephalosporin antibacterial drugs （28.23% vs 9.76%， 8.56%）， and the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）， and three common third generation cephalosporin antibacterial drugs of ceftriaxone， cefodizime sodium and cefotaxime sodium were selected and the medication selected the intravenous drip and muscle injection， and the pharmacological actions were different， and there were 31 cases with adverse reactions， including the urinary system， hematologic system and digestive system， and the incidence rate of digestive system adverse reactions was the highest， accounting for 77.42%， and the incidence rate of anaphylactic reactions was obviously higher than that of the other adverse reactions（P0.05）. Conclusion The use of third generation cephalosporin antibacterial drugs is rational， therefore， only when we strictly master the pharmacological ac