数据仓库及应用-数据模型-元数据.ppt

元数据和数据模型 杭诚方 教授 Metadata Metadata is very important in the data warehouse environment. Metadata is often described as data about data. Metadata contains information on the location, the structure, and meaning of data, mapping information, and a guide to the algorithms used for summarization between detail and summary data. Metadata Metadata contains detailed descriptions of the location, structure, and meaning of data; keys and indexes of the data; the algorithms and business rules used to transform and summarize data. Metadata is used throughout the DW, from extraction stage through the access stage. Metadata is used throughout the DW, from extraction stage through the access stage. Metadata Metadata answers the following types of question: What information is available, by subject area, and when did we start collecting that data? How was this summarization created? What queries are available to access the data? What business assumptions have been made? How do I find the data I need? How old is the data? What does that value mean? Metadata Metadata can be classified into: Technical metadata that contains information about data warehouse data for use by data warehouse designers and administrators when carrying out data warehouse development and management tasks. Business metadata contains information that gives users an easy-to-understand perspective of the information stored in the data warehouse. Data warehouse operational information. Operational Information Data history (snapshots, versions); Data ownership; Data extract audit trail; Data usage data; Used by the load, management, and access processes for scheduling data loads or end user access. Metadata Users Choosing the Metadata Location Where it is stored is product-specific, the metadata resides in the database and usually on the data warehouse server. This is the preferred method. Metadata may be located on a separate database on another machine. What is Data Modeling Data m