foueier optics课件c5 wave-optics analysis of coherent optical systems讲义教材.pptVIP

5.4 Analysis of complex coherent optical systems The number of integrations grows as the number of free-space regions grows, and the complexity of the calculations increases as the number of lenses included grows Certain operator notation may be useful in analyzing complex systems 5.4.1 An Operator Notation Simplifying assumptions Monochromatic light Only paraxial conditions will be considered One-dimensional problems Most operators have parameters that depend on the geometry of the optical system being analyzed Operator approach Parameters are included within square brackets [ ] following the operator The operators act on the quantities contained in curly brackets { } Basic operators_1 Multiplication by a quadratic-phase exponential where k = 2?l? and c is an inverse length. The inverse of Q [c] is Q [-c]. Lens transform factor, spherical illumination factor, phase distortion factor, Fresnel impulse response, Fresnel transfer function in the frequency domain, etc. Field behind the input plane Using a paraxial approximation to the spherical wave that illuminates the input, the amplitude of the wave transmitted by the input may be written Field in the focal plane Assuming Fresnel diffraction from the input plane to the focal plane, we get the field in the focal plane Characteristics of the configuration Up to a quadratic phase factor, the focal-plane amplitude distribution is the Fourier transform of that portion of the input subtended by the projected lens aperture. An extra flexibility has been obtained in the present configuration; namely, the scale of the Fourier transform is under the control of the experimenter Case of illumination with spherical wave Point source S at finite distance do di S tA Ul’ : Field behind the lens It is the product of sphere wave, tA and lens’ transmittance tl Field in the observation screen Ui It is Fresnel diffraction of Ul’ Simplification of Ui If light source and observation screen are conjugate The Ui becomes Meaning of the resu