2020年全球生物多样性目标解读和其评估指标探讨1.PDFVIP

2020 年全球生物多样性目标解读及其评估指标探讨1 徐海根①，丁 晖，吴 军，曹铭昌，陈 炼，乐志芳，崔 鹏 （环境保护部南京环境 科学研究所国家环境保护生物安全重点实验室，江苏 南京 210042 ） 摘要：剖析了《生物多样性公约》各缔约方对 2020 年全球生物多样性目标（简称 2020 年目标）的谈判 立场，解读了2020 年目标的内涵，论述了2020 年目标评估指标研究的最新进展，在进一步加强生物多样 性评价指标研究、建设生物多样性监测标准和网络、开展生物多样性长期监测方面提出建议。 关键词：生物多样性；战略计划；生态系统服务；保护区；监测 中图分类号： 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-4831 （2012 ）01 Approach to the 2020 Global Biodiversity Targets and Preliminary Study on its Assessment Indicators. XU Hai-gen, DING Hui , WU Jun, CAO Ming-chang, CHEN Lian, LE Zhi-fang , CUI Peng (Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Environmental Key Laboratory on Biosafety, Nanjing 210042, China) Abstract: Discussion and consultation were conducted globally to determine the roadmap for world biodiversity conservation post 2010. The Strategic Plan for the period 2011-2020 was adopted at the tenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity held in Japan, October 2010. The Strategic Plan established 2020 global biodiversity targets, designated roadmap and timetable for world biodiversity conservation, and provided a flexible framework for establishment of national targets. We analyzed views of Parties in their negotiation of 2020 targets, explained the meaning of 2020 targets, summarized latest development of indicators for assessment of 2020 targets, and put forward suggestions such as strengthening the study of biodiversity assessment indicators, building standards and networks for biodiversity monitoring, and conducting long-term biodiversity monitoring. Key words: biodiversity; strategic plan; ecosystem services; protected areas; monitoring 生物多样性是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础。我国是世界上生物多样性最丰富的国 家之一[1] 。但是，在过去几百年中人类使物种灭绝速率比地球历史上物种自然灭绝速率增 加了1 000 倍[2-3] 。针对日益严峻的生物多样性丧失趋势，《生物多样性公约》（以下简称《公