青少年武术运动员赛前情绪应对方式的研究.docVIP

青少年武术运动员赛前情绪应对方式的研究 　　摘 要: 采用《中国运动员应对量表》及《赛前情绪量表-T》对131名参加第六届全国武术 馆校武术比赛的青少年武术运动员进行测查,探讨其应对方式、赛前情绪特点及不同类型应 对方式与赛前情绪的关系。结果表明:青少年武术运动员对集中解决问题的应对、集中处理 情绪的应对、回避应对、超越应对均有较为普遍的运用,但运用率分别处于中、低等水平; 赛前自信较高,个体失败焦虑和社会期待焦虑处于中等水平,躯体焦虑较低;4种应对方式 分别能有效预测自信、社会期待焦虑或个体失败焦虑,但均不能有效预测躯体焦虑;4种应 对方式对赛前情绪的预测力依次为:集中解决问题的应对最大,超越应对其次,集中处理情 绪的应对第三,回避应对最小。 　　关键词:青少年武术运动员;应对方式;赛前情绪 　　中图分类号:G852.02文献标识码:A文章编 号:1007-3612(2010)10-0139-04 　　 　　An Analysis on the Coping Ways of Pre-competition Emotion of Ad olescent Wushu Athletes 　　FANG Rui1,ZHANG Yong2 　　(1.Institute of Sport Science, Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165, Shandong China;2.Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China) 　　Abstract: 131 adolescent Wushu athletes who took part in the sixth national Wushu competit ion were tested by using the“Coping Scale for Chinese Athletes(CSCA)”and“Pre -competition Emotion Scale(PES-T)”,and the data was analyzed The results sh owed that, problem-focused coping (PC), emotion-focused coping (EC), avoidancecoping (AC), transcendence coping (TC) were all used by the adolescent Wushu at hletes But the utilized rate of these coping ways is at middle and low levelThe athletes’pre-competition confidence was higher, individual failure anxiet y and social expectation anxiety were in the medium level, somatic anxiety was l ower;4 types of coping ways could respectively forecast the “confidence”、“so cial expectation anxiety”or“individual failure anxiety”, but no one could for ecast“somatic anxiety”;The influences of 4 types of coping ways to pre-compe tition emotion were that PC was the first, TC was the second, EC was the third,AC was the least one. 　　Key words: adolescent Wushu athletes; ways of coping; pre-competition e motion 　　 　　应对方式可简单地理解为人们为对付内外环境要求及其有关的情绪困扰而采用的方法、 手段或策略[1]。运动训练和竞赛中的压力事件,作为刺激物引起了个体复杂的生理 和心理 变化,而应对方式就是连接训练、竞赛结果和应激心理生理反应的一种中介变量。这个中介 变量,在循环往复的过程中发生作用,不断地影响着心理变化的方向和强度[2]。情绪是人们对客观事物是否符合主观需要而产生的心 理体验, 是人们对自身认知评价的结果。赛前的紧张情绪不仅直接影响运动员的比赛成绩,而且影响 运动员的后续训练及心理健康。运动员的赛前情绪及其训练比赛中的应对方式, 已成为运动