毕业论文-电动汽车能量回馈制动领域的研究现状.docVIP

PAGE I 回馈制动在电动汽车结构中的可行性分析 摘要 随着能源危机的日益加剧和环境污染 压力的增加，电动汽车取代传统内燃汽车己经成为一种必然趋势。然而，电动汽车一次充电的续驶里程远远小于传统的内燃机汽车，这一不足制约了电动汽车的产业化和迅速推广，增加电动汽车的续驶里程的一个有效方法是在电动汽车上使用能量回馈制动系统来吸收制动能量。因此本文对电动汽车回馈制动进行了研究，主要完成了以下几个方面的工作。 首先，阐述了电动汽车回馈制动的原理，以永磁无刷直流电动机为例，分析了其工作原理。分析了回馈制动在电动汽车结构中的可行性分析。 其次，阐述了回馈制动系统设计所需的硬件与传感器选择。提出电动汽车回馈制动的方案。设计了整个系统的硬件电路。包括:电源电路、功率逆变电路、IGBT驱动和保护电路、回馈充电限流斩波电路、上电延时保护电路、DSP外围电路、相电流检测电路、直流侧电压检测电路。研究了无刷直流电机的电动和回馈制动的控制方法，以及回馈制动时对蓄电池回馈充电电流的控制方法，在此基础上完成了软件的设训。包括:换相控制程序、电流和电压采集程序、PWM占空比重载程序、回馈制动最大可充电流控制程序等。 关键词:电动汽车，无刷直流电机，回馈制动 Abstract 目录 Abstract Abstract The brushless DC motor (BLDCM) is a newly developed type of motor which replaces the mechanical commutation by the electric commutation. It has the merits of both the good speed control performance of the Brush DC motor and the simple structure of the asynchronous motor. With the research development on BLDCM and its control system, the BLDCM has been widely applied in industry especially in electric vehicle (EV) field in which the BLDCM has become the preferred motor. The research on motor drive and regenerative brake in developing electric vehicle is so important that this paper has studied the drive and regenerative brake of the BLDCM and the work has been done as the following: Firstly, the operating principle of the BLDCM has been discussed and the mathematic models on drive and regenerative brake states of the BLDCM were analyzed. The back EMF of the BLDCM is trapezoidal waveform with120 0 platform width. Secondly, the hardware circuits of the system has been designed which includes power inversion circuit driving and protecting circuit of the IGBT current limited and chopper circuit used in regenerative brake the electrifying delay circuit, DSP peripheral circuit, current detecting circuit and DC voltage detecting circuit the control method of both drive and regenerative brake has been studied. And the method of controlling the regenerative current was also be studied. The software is designed which based on that inc