医学常见的怎样区分非谓语充当各种句子成分.pptVIP

非谓语充当句子成分的区分 主语-----Vingto do To do:具体的某一次动作或将来动作，强调的是动作的本身。 Ving：一般的，抽象的，泛指的概念或一个已经完成的动作，强调的是事情本身。 试辨析： To visit China is my next goal. To look after these naughty boys is really difficult. Climbing mountains is great fun. Collecting stamps can enlarge one’s knowledge. 宾语-----to do ving 1）相差不大的类型 Like, hate, begin, start, prefer, continue等。 After a short rest, she started working/to work. I prefer walking/to walk to school. Despite the difficulties, we continued doing/to do the research. 2）相差很大的类型 Try, regret, forget, remember, mean等。 ① Try to do sth 尽力做某事 try doing sth试着做某事 He tried to stand up but failed. Let’s try telling him about the sad news. ②regret to do sth对将要做的事感到抱歉或遗憾，regret doing sth对已发生的事感到遗憾或后悔 I regret to tell you that I can’t come, I really regret missing/ have missed his lecture. ③forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记了做过的事情 ④remember to do remember doing sth ⑤mean to do sth打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 I meant to buy some bread, but I forgot. Wasting time means killing life. 介词的宾语 介词的宾语一般由动名词充当，独立的不定式一般不能作介词的宾语，但“疑问词+不定式”可以。 试辨析 She devoted her whole life to teaching. I hope you can get used to living here as soon as possible. He gave me advice on how to quit smoking. We’re talking about where to set up a school shopping center. 表语 不定式和动名词作表语相当于一个名词作表语，含义是回答主语“是什么”； ①表示一定的概念，具有名词的性质，不定式与动名词互换。 My hobby is collecting/ to collect ancient coins. My part-time job is teaching/ to teach yoga in school. ②表示具体的，个别的动作，或含有将来含义时，一般用不定式. The plan is to set aside a day for the interview. My wish is to find a part-time job this summer. Our aim is to help the old lead a happy life. ③现在分词与过去分词作表语相当于形容词作表语，含义是回答主语“怎么样”。 现在分词表示自身的性质，过去分词表示外因使之具备的性质或特征。 Your speech is very encouraging. The story is very moving. I was disappointed at this decision. The child was frightened to see the dog. 试辨析 1、His job is to paint the walls. 他的工作是粉刷这些墙 2、His job is painting walls. 他的工作是粉刷墙 定语 ①不定式表示未发生的动作，或通常发生的动作，一般放在被修饰词后面。 The next thing to do is to encoura