工程变更处理争议剖析.docVIP

工程变更处理争议剖析 　　doi:10.3724/SP.J.1201.2012.01158? 　　 　　摘要：某工程土方填筑变更处理发生争议，存在不同观点。基于招标投标法及合同法所确定的公平合理、诚实信用原则，以及工程建设风险共担原则，结合招标文件与投标文件的法律效力，分析了该变更成立的条件，提出风险共担问题。同时，对由于招投标和合同管理工作做了进一步思考，强调了正确认识投标文件效力和合同文件效力顺序的重要性，从招标准备、招标过程、风险合理转移及合同争议处理等方面，对招投标管理和合同管理工作提出了建设性意见。? 　　关键词：工程变更;情势变更;公平合理;风险共担;招投标管理;合同管理? 　　中图分类号：TV51 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-1683（2012）01-0158-03? 　　Analysis and Considerations of Resolutions for Contract Disputes on Engineering Changes? 　　ZHAO Ben-ji,SONG Guang-ze? 　　(Construction and Administration Bureau of South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project,Beijing 100038,China)? 　　Abstract:Different controversial views are present when there are changes on landfill of an engineering project.Based on the principles of fairness and justifiableness,honesty and credibility,and shared risks on engineering construction determined by the Bidding Law and Contract Law,and also according to the legal effects of the Invitation to Tender and the Submission of Tender documents,this paper discusses the conditions justifying these changes and proposes the shared risks.Meanwhile,the management of the bidding and contract is further investigated,and the importance of a correct understanding of the priority order for the efficiency of the bidding and contract documents is emphasized.This paper presents the constructive suggestions for the bidding and contract management in terms of the aspects of tendering preparation,tendering process,reasonable risk transfer,and resolutions for contract disputes.? 　　Key words:engineering change;change of circumstances;principle of justice and equity;shared risks;bidding management;contract management 　　? 　　1 问题的提出? 　　某调水工程以渠道工程为主，渠道施工标包括大量土方填筑，其中一段渠道作为一个施工标进行了招标。根据招标文件给定条件，经土方平衡，对于土方回填，承包人除利用土方开挖料之外，尚需从Y土料场借土。? 　　招标文件明示：Y土料场位于XX镇东约500 m，距离总干渠约5 km。招标答疑阶段，有投标人提出：“请明示Y土料场距本标段渠道的距离或对应渠道桩号。”招标人答复为：“施工平面布置图为万分之一。自行确定距离。”? 　　投标过程中，承包人按照Y土料场运距为5 km的条件进行土方回填投报价。在取土场交付后，经实测，Y土料场距该标段实际运距为30 km，远远超出了投标报价距离。? 　　基于上述情况，承包人根据合同条款“改变合同中任何一项工作