个性的-研究共振——论惠特曼作品中的双重身份建构.pdf

Introduction 的自由国度，同时，亦是一个拥有不断扩展的疆土的幅员辽阔的泱泱大国，工业 极度发展，科学迅速进步。在建构了美利坚民族的伟大形象的同时，他自己，美 国歌者—沃尔特·惠特曼通过”歌唱自己”，将自己与这个伟大的民族融合在一 起，”他身体的每一个原子”都”根源于这片伟大的土地”，他就是这个伟大民 族的一部分，完成了诗人的自我建构。 综上所述，通过对惠特曼的文学创作的历史文化背景分析，以及对惠特曼本 人生存经历的研究及对作品本身的深刻剖析，从心理学的角度探讨了诗人文学创 作的最终动机以及所产生的社会文化影响。正是在这种内投射心理机制的影响 下，惠特曼通过诗歌等文学形式完成了美利坚民族身份和自我身份的双重建构。 这一共振在美国文学历史上产生了极其深刻的社会影响。这一发现从一个独特的 视角剖析了惠特曼的文学创作，有助于进一步加深对惠特曼作品的理解。 关键词：惠特曼；双重建构；身份；内投射 v Individuality and Resonance: Double Construction of Identity in Whitman’s Works Abstract The process of forming, establishing and developing of American literature, culture and ideology is a very important one that accompanies the construction of the American’s national identity and the awareness of the national consciousness. To get the comprehension of this process, Walt Whitman is of great importance, for he represents the characteristics of the American culture and the psychological conditions of that time, which is later called “the American spirits in the 19th century”—boldness, rebel spirit against traditions, but sometimes becomes a kind of naïve optimism. As a poet, he takes the responsibility of the American singer, sings for American spirits highly and tries to construct the national identity for his country. At the same time, he uses the first person “I” to perform his singing, attempts to construct a typical image for the American people, and completes the construction of his own personal identity through his poetry writing. With the employment of introjection, a theory of psychology, this thesis analyzes the mechanism and inner reason of Whitman’s double construction for the national identity and personal identity. The r