第一部分国际贸易概述(包括国际分工跟世界市场)经济班.pptVIP

（二）相对价格与交换比率 1. 相对价格(Relative Prices) The relative price of good X (cheese) in terms of good Y (wine) is the amount of good Y (wine) that can be exchanged for one unit of good X (cheese). Examples of relative prices: If a price of a can of Coke is $0.5, then the relative price of Coke is the amount of $ that can be exchanged for one unit of Coke, which is 0.5. The relative price of a $ in terms of Coke is 2 cans of Coke per dollar. A国出口1单位的粮食到B国，最低要交换到0.6单位的衣服，否则不如自己生产衣服，最高只能交换到1.25单位的衣服，超过这个界限B国就会退出交换。反过来，B国出口1单位衣服到A国，最少要交换到0.8单位粮食，否则不如自己生产粮食，最多只得交换到1.67单位的粮食，超出这个界限A国便会退出贸易。只要双方按照双方可接受的价格来进