《离散数学》杨争锋ch06-6幻灯片资料.pptVIP

§7.6 Application of Inclusion-Exclusion Introduction Many counting problems can be used to solved using the principle of inclusion-exclusion (2) Example 1 (page 506) How many solutions does x1+x2+x3=11 have, where x1, x2, and x3 are nonnegative integers with x1≤3, x2 ≤4, and x3 ≤6? Solution: 　为使用容斥原理,令性质P1代表x13，性质P2代表x24，性质P3代表X36． 　　　满足不等式x1≤3, x2 ≤4以及x3 ≤6的解的个数是： N(P1’P2’ P3’) = N - N(P1) - N(P2) - N(P2) + N(P1P2) + N(P1P3) + N(P2P3) - N(P1P2P3) N = 解的总数= C(3+11-1,11)=78, N (P1) = (具有x1≥4的解数) = C(3+7-1,7) = C(9,7) = 36, N