中国人三牙根下颌第一磨牙发生率的临床调查-第三军医大学学报.DOC

汉族人下颌第一磨牙牙根及根管数目的临床调查 喻刚1，黄定明2 （1．重庆医科大学附属口腔医院 牙体牙髓科 重庆 400015；2．口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室 四川大学 四川 成都 610041） 【摘要】 目的 调查汉族人下颌第一磨牙牙根和根管数目及其分布情况，以期为临床治疗提供指导。方法 通过临床收集汉族人下颌第一磨牙根管治疗的完整病例，包括病历记录和术前、术中、术后X线片及显微镜下的髓腔照片，记录下颌第一磨牙牙根和根管数目及其分布情况。结果 在350位患者378颗汉族人下颌第一磨牙根管治疗病例中，三牙根下颌第一磨牙的发生率为26.98%（102/378），72.22%（273/378）为2个牙根，0.79%（3/378）为4个牙根，除远出现远舌根外，近中颊侧还有另一种罕见的额外牙根：近颊根的出现。在378颗下颌第一磨牙中，46.03%（174/378）为4个根管，除1例为近中3个根管远中1个根管外，其余均为近远中各为2个根管;53.70%（203/378）为3个根管，均为近中2个，远中1个根管;1例为2个根管，即近远中各1个根管。结论 在汉族人中，三牙根下颌第一磨牙发生率为26.98%，4根管下颌第一磨牙的发生率为46.03%，临床医师应注意寻找额外根管，避免根管遗漏和治疗意外的发生，提高根管治疗的成功率。 【关键词】下颌第一磨牙； 远舌根； 根管； 根管治疗； 解剖变异 The investigation of roots and root canals in mandibular first molars among the Han nationality individuals YU Gang1, HUANG Ding-ming2 (1.Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, the stomotological hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400015, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University , Chengdu 410041, [Abstract] Objective To investigate the number of roots, number of canals per root and their location in mandibular first molars among the Han nationality [作者简介] 喻刚（1982-），男，四川人，硕士 [通讯作者] 喻刚*，Tel:023individuals. Methods A total of 350 patients’ periapical radiographs and clinical records were collected in dental clinic for this study. The number and distribution of root and root canal in 378 root canal-treated mandibular first molars were recorded. Results The prevalence of 3-rooted mandibular first molars was 26.98%(102/378), 2-rooted was 72.22%(273/378). 3 mandibular first molars(0.79%,3/378) had 4 roots, except the distolingual root (radix entomolaris, RE), which contained an another rare anatomic variation, the radix paramolais (mesiobuccal root). 46.03%(174/378) had 4 canals(2 mesial and 2 distal, except one molar with 3mesial canals ), except one mandibular first molar had two canals(1 mesial, 1distal), the other 53.70%(203/378) had 3 canals(2 mesial and 1distal). Conclusion Clinicians should be aware of