大倾角超长综放工作面上覆岩层移动及矿压显现规律研究-矿业工程专业论文.docx

内蒙古 内蒙古科技大学硕士学位论文 I I 摘 要 公乌素矿 1604 工作面所采煤层为大倾角煤层、工作面长度为 312m，采用综采放 顶煤采煤法。1604 工作面的安全开采面临煤层倾角大、工作面超长等复杂因素的制 约。若实现工作面高产高效的安全生产，需正确分析工作面上覆岩层的移动破断规律 和掌握工作面矿压显现规律。 首先，通过对公乌素矿 16#煤层及其临近岩层进行岩石力学试验，得出煤层及工 作面顶底板岩层的物理力学参数；其次，根据岩石物理力学参数，利用钱鸣高院士的 “关键层理论”对工作面顶板结构进行分析，确定了关键层的位置及理论计算了“上 三带”区域范围；再次，利用矿山压力的相似模拟试验得出了直接顶与老顶的初、周 期来压步距及超前支撑应力的分布特点，并对上覆岩层的垂直位移量进行了监测分析； 而后，通过有限差分元软件 FLAC3D 对工作面进行数值模拟，得出了工作面每推进 20m 的上覆岩层水平应力、垂直应力、垂直位移量、塑性变形区域的分布规律；最后通过 矿压现场监测的手段，对直接顶、基本顶周期来压是否明显进行判定，并得出顶板来 压步距、来压强度、支架的工作阻力分布规律，对支架的适应性进行了分析讨论，找 出了支架初撑力不足的原因。 本文研究成果能够有力的对工作面矿压控制措施的制定提供理论支持，为与本矿 井相似工程条件的工作面提供参考依据，同时对我国大倾角超长综放工作面矿山压力 研究理论的完善与充实起到了一定的促进作用。 关键词：大倾角煤层；综放工作面；数值模拟；相似模拟；矿压显现规律 II II Abstract The Gongwusu mine 1604 , whose working bed is the large dip angle coal seam and the length of working face is 312m, adopts the fully mechanized sub-level caving mining method. But the mining safety of 1604 working face should handle with some complex constraints such as the large dip angle of coal seam, overlong working face and so on. If realizing the safety in production with high-efficient and high-yield of the working face, it needs to analyse the working plane mobile breaking regularity correctly and master the appearance regularity of the working face mine pressure. First of all, the physical and mechanical parameters of rock formation of coal seam working face roof was obtained by laboratory testing in 16# coal seam and its adjacent rock of Gongwusu mine. Secondly, according to the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock, we analyzed the roof of working face structure by using Qian Minggao Academys key layer theory and determined the position of key layer and calculated the three zones regional scope theoretically; Once again, by using the analog simulation test of mine pressure, we got the characteristics of distribution of the direct roof and roof at the beginning of the pressure step and the abutment stress distribution, and analyzed the vertical displacement of the overlying strata. Then, thr